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Home / Albums / Reno/Sparks, Spring 1989 27
This album covers the action in Sparks NV, just outside Reno, April 9 - 14, 1989. The protest was one of the most confrontational and violent (by the local authorities) of all ADAPT actions, and the longest jail sentences were given by the local court. Our hunger strike in the end proved effective as we were released early, but not before several of us had been sent to the hospital or dumped out on the street. We were in with the general population as this was supposedly an accessible jail. A good part of the "With Liberty and Access for All" video was shot at this action.
- ADAPT (456)
PHOTO by Patrick Forden/Gazette Journal; The photo is looking up at Mike Auberger in a non-ADAPT T-shirt and jeans, with a short beard and mustache, hands on his hips. His chair is somewhat visible and his left leg elevated. He is sitting in the doorway of a fancy Casino with a Nugget Casino sign over the door. Caption reads: ORGANIZER: Mike Auberger of Denver says his cause is worth going to jail for. TITLE: Disabled group plans protest at transit meeting in Sparks By Susan Voyles/Gazette-Journal Up to 150 wheelchair-bound people are expected to protest outside John Ascuaga’s Nugget beginning Sunday, and Sparks police say they are ready. The protest is being staged by a national group called The American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit, and its target is the western regional meeting of the American Public Transit Association. As many as 700 people representing public bus systems, including many that don’t have buses with lifts to handle wheelchairs, are expected to attend. In protests at 16 other cities in recent years, disabled protesters have held marches, crawled onto or chained themselves to buses, and barricaded hotels where the public transit association held its meetings. “We try to make their conventions as inaccessible to them as they have made transportation to disabled people ” said protest organizer Mike Auberger of Denver. “They can’t just come and have fun." Auberger, 34, said he met earlier this week with representatives of Sparks police, the Washoe County Sheriff’s Department and Nugget security. He was handed a 32-page list of possible violations, including felonious assault, that his group could be charged with. “From what I heard, the police department’s tactic is going to be to intimidate,” Auberger said. “I wouldn’t be surprised to see the police on Sunday in riot gear.” Auberger, who arrived in town Monday to prepare for the protests, said he expects about 150 handicapped people from around the country to show up. Auberger said he met with members of the Sparks and Reno police, the Washoe County Sheriff’s Department and court marshals Tuesday. “It’s definitely threatening but I think the people coming in here are well aware of what could happen to them,” Auberger said. Already Auberger has had a confrontation, albeit a friendly one, with Nugget security and Sparks police. Monday when Auberger was casing the outside of the Nugget, with video camera in hand, a security guard and a police officer approached him and knew him by name, he said. “It gave me a real feeling for how the police are going to respond and how the casino security will respond," Auberger said. “It was like the casino burped and the police said ‘Excuse me,’ and that’s not normal." Auberger said his group has yet to begin drawing up strategy on how it will carry out its demonstration. However, Auberger predicted his group won’t be happy with being confined to B Street. “(The location) is very visible to traffic on B Street but it won’t be visible to APTA members,” Auberger said. “The spot is perfect if your issue is with the public or if it's directed at the Nugget." Auberger said his group is not violent although it is confrontational. Zamboni showed the press a 10-minute video tape of an ADAPT demonstration held in San Francisco Sept. 28, 1987. The video tape showed demonstrators blocking a SAMTRANS bus and tying their wheelchairs to the vehicle's wheelspokes and sitting on the Powell Street cable-car tum-around. It also showed police handcuffing protestors to their wheelchairs and the protestors chanting "We want to ride,” and "We want access." - With Liberty & Access For All
This is a short demo film by Linda Litowsky that tells about ADAPT and our first campaign for lifts on buses and passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act. It was made to promote a longer film she made so it ends abruptly. However it is a good overview of early ADAPT and has been used in many organizer trainings and presentations. - ADAPT (459)
The Daily Sparks Tribune: Thursday, March 23, 1989 - Vol. 77. No. 224 @ 1989 Sparks Tribune Co [Headline] Protesters plan to disrupt convention By Faith Bremner Tribune Staff A national handicapped rights group says it will take over downtown Sparks next month and commit acts of civil disobedience to draw public attention to handicapped accessible public transportation. But American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation's (ADAPT) specific target will be the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) convention at John Ascuaga's Nugget April 9-13. In 1980, APTA successfully lobbied the federal government to drop a requirement that all public transportation systems that receive federal funds must purchase buses with wheelchair lifts, ADAPT co-founder Mike Auberger said. APTA represents about 450 transit authorities in the United States and Canada, including Citifare which is hosting the convention. "Everything we do will be centered around transportation,” Auberger said in a telephone interview this morning from ADAPT's Denver, Colo. headquarters. “That's the only reason “we're coming to Sparks; We‘re not coming to the city just to inconvenience Sparks.” Auberger said he expected about 150 ADAPT members from all over the country to show up during the convention and do things like chain themselves to city buses and block the entrances to the Nugget. Sparks Police Department spokesman Tony Zamboni said the department is aware of the convention and of ADAPT's plans to protest. He said Sparks Police are in contact with other police agencies around the country that have dealt with the group. "We are here to provide a service and we will protect these person's first amendment rights as well as anyone else‘s," Zamboni said. "We are prepared for the outcome of any situation such as this.“ Sue Hyde, marketing manager for the Regional Transportation Commission which oversees the Citifare operations, said her agency does not plan to change its operations during the convention. Seventy percent of Citifare‘s buses are already equipped with wheelchair lifts and plans to purchase more, she said. Most of the buses that come into downtown Sparks have the lifts, but some of them don’t, she said. “I don't think Citifare should have any problems," Hyde said. "If they block our buses they would be hurting their constituency." Since it was founded six years ago, ADAPT members have experienced 1,000 arrests — all at APTA conventions, Auberger said. "It‘s a varied group, we're all very experienced." Auberger said. "The majority of the people have gone to jail a number of times and stayed in jail for a week at a time. "This is not a group that's afraid of the police. These people are willing to go to jail to make a point." The point to all the demonstrations, Auberger said, is to make life difficult and inaccessible to the APTA conventioneers, just like it is for people in wheelchairs who can't get onto buses. The organization also uses its demonstrations to make the public think about handicapped access to public transportation, Auberger said, even if the public reacts negatively to ADAPT's methods. "(The public) doesn't have to like what we do or support what we do but it‘s important for them to think about the issue,“ Auberger said. It‘s not easy to arrest someone in a wheelchair, Auberger admits. "We've had cases where people were taken out of their wheelchairs and their chairs were left behind" Auberger said. “If the police don't have a van with a lift, they sometimes lift the chairs right into the paddy wagons. "The motorized wheelchairs can weight up to 300 pounds. It's not an easy process." - ADAPT (457)
The Daily Sparks Tribune Wednesday, April 5, 1989 - Vol. 77, No. 233 © 1989 Sparks Tribune Co, [Headline] Protest from page 1A [we don't have part one of this article] Auberger, who arrived in town Monday to prepare for the protests, said he expects about 150 handicapped people from around the country to show up. Auberger said he met with members of the Sparks and Reno police, the Washoe County Sheriffs Department and court marshals Tuesday. “It's definitely threatening but I think the people coming in here are well aware of what could happen to them,” Auberger said. Already Auberger has had a confrontation, albeit a friendly one, with Nugget security and Sparks police. Monday when Auberger was casing the outside of the Nugget, with video camera in hand, a security guard and a police officer approached him and knew him by name, he said. “It gave me a real feeling for how the police are going to respond and how the casino security will respond,” Auberger said. “It was like the casino burped and the police said ‘Excuse me,’ and that's not normal.” Auberger said his group has yet to begin drawing up strategy on how it will carry out its demonstration. However, Auberger predicted his group won’t be happy with being confined to B Street. “(The location) is very visible to traffic on B Street but it won't be visible to APTA members" Auberger said. “The spot is perfect if your issue is with the public or it‘s directed at the Nugget.” Auberger said his group is not violent although it is confrontational. Zamboni showed the press a 10-minute video tape of an ADAPT demonstration held in San Francisco Sept. 28, 1987. The video tape showed demonstrators blocking a SAMTRANS bus and tying their wheelchairs to the vehicle’s wheelspokes and sitting on the Powell Street cable car turn-around. It also showed police handcuffing protestors to their wheelchairs and the protestors chanting “We want to ride,” and “We want access.” - ADAPT (442)
PHOTO by Tom Olin?: A white man with a curly gray afro and beard in a manual wheelchair, Bob Kafka, grimaces in pain as two police officers standing over him handcuff his arms behind his back and push him forward toward his legs. - ADAPT (450)
4B / Las Vegas Review-Journal Monday, April 10, 1989 [Headline] Disabled protesters arrested in Sparks Associated Press SPARKS — About 75 wheelchair-bound people blocked the entrances to a casino Sunday to protest what they called their lack of accessibility to public bus systems. Police said about 40 protesters were arrested by late Sunday evening and more arrests were expected. Members of a national group calling itself The American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit staged the protest by chanting slogans and blocking entrances to the Sparks Nugget. The target of the protest was the American Public Transit Association, which is holding its western regional meeting at the Nugget through Wednesday. The association represents the nation’s bus and rapid transit systems. The transit association opposes a move to install wheelchair lifts on new public buses and the disabled group sought a meeting with its leaders inside the casino to discuss the issue. “We try to make their conventions as inaccessible to them as they have made transportation to disabled people,” said protest organizer Mike Auberger of Denver. “They can't just come and have fun.” However, Nugget security personnel blocked outside entrances to the protesters and denied them access, saying they posed a threat to the safety of casino patrons. Police said four protesters were arrested on a charge of blocking a roadway on the group’s march to the Nugget, while 36 others were arrested at the casino on a variety of charges, including obstructing justice and blocking a fire exit. Protesters started out by blocking two entrances and later blocked all but one entrance for a brief time. Police said they were forced to drag several protesters away from the doors after they resisted arrest. In February, the 3rd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Philadelphia ruled in favor of the disabled group, saying all new public buses purchased with federal funds must be equipped with wheelchair lifts. Auberger, who uses a wheelchair because of a neck injury suffered in a bobsledding accident, said only about a dozen U.S. cities now have buses with the lifts. “We want to be able to wait in the rain and hot sun and ride a bus like everyone else," he said. “The lifts would force integration and change the way most people view disabled people.” However, Jack Gilstrap, executive vice president of the transit association, said his group opposes the court ruling because of the cost involved. “Every lift costs $15,000 and they’re very expensive to maintain,” he said. - ADAPT (447)
PHOTO Tom Olin?: ADAPT marches down a curvy street, the line snaking back out of sight. All but a couple of people wear their black ADAPT t-shirts with the gold "no steps" logo on the front. Julie Farrar with her "Together Not Apart" sign, and Lillibeth Navarro, with an "Access equals gentler + kinder" sign are at the front of the photo. Behind them are Kim Horton, George Roberts and Mark Johnson. Then Arthur Campbell is guiding the edge of the line from the side, with his grey hair in a headband and pony tail, and next to him a quad with a blue cap sits and Sue Davis is walking toward them. In the next row of marchers is Larry Ruiz and Tommy Malone. Behind them is a woman in a white shirt and behind her is Ken Heard. Behind Ken is a someone walking on crutches with lots of buttons on their shirt. Beside that person a woman (possibly Rhonda Lester) walks and behind her is Jim Parker and Devorah Kappers is pushing someone in a wheelchair. Being pushed by Frank Lozano, Paulette Patterson is riding off to the side of the line, wearing a white t-shirt. Behind her is Lori Eastman and what looks like Rick James and Barb Guthrie. - ADAPT (444)
The Dally Sparks Tribune Monday, April 10, 1989 - Vol. 77, No. 236 © 1989 Sparks Tribune Co. 25 cents [Headline] Protesters, police clash at Nugget One demonstrator hurt; 7 in jail begin a hunger strike By Steve Timko - Tribune Staff Seven handicapped-rights advocates sent to the Washoe County jail Sunday night by Sparks Municipal Court Judge Don Gladstone are staging a hunger strike until they are free from jail. And one member of American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit (ADAPT) that protested at John Ascuaga's Nugget Sunday said her knee was broken when a Nugget security officer accidentally hit her leg with a door. Approximately 75 ADAPT members paraded down B Street and converged on the Nugget to protest the American Public Transit Association (APTA) meeting that is continuing through Sunday. The transit association opposes installation of wheelchair lifts on new public buses and the disabled group sought a meeting with its leaders inside the casino to discuss the issue. Nugget employees stood inside the casino doors, refusing to allow access to the ADAPT members. In response, the ADAPT members, most of them in wheelchairs, blocked the entrances to the hotel casino. Meeting organizers said they would meet at 1 p.m. today at Western Village Casino to consider what form of protest, if any, the group should stage today. "We‘ll definitely be taking an action, but we'll be discussing what we're going to do," organizer Stephanie Thomas said. Forty-nine people were arrested Sunday and seven were sent to jail. ADAPT leaders said this morning at the Washoe County jail that the seven being held were staging a hunger strike. Five of the seven pleaded not guilty to misdemeanor charges during their arraignment Sunday night in Sparks Municipal Court for refusing to give information that would allow them to be released on their own recognizance. They have trials set for next Monday. One was cited for contempt of court by Gladstone and sentenced to two days in jail and another was sent to jail until he pays his fine. ADAPT member Beverly Furnice, a cerebral palsy victim, said this morning she is finished protesting after her knee was broken Sunday. Furnice was in her wheelchair near the southeast door on the 11th Street side of the building when a security officer hit her leg, she said. She knew immediately it was broken, Furnice said. “It hurt. I hollered, ‘It hurt my leg. It hurt my leg,'" Furnice said. She went to Sparks Family Hospital where they bandaged her leg, she said. "l'm sorry to hear that," Nugget spokesman Parley Johnson said. “We made every possible effort to ensure the safety of all involved," Johnson said. “However, if we have someone trying to get in, ...and we're trying to get the doors closed, what can I say? The person (trying to get in) is contributing to the problem. "We could not allow the group to come in and disrupt our business and cause problems with our customers," the Nugget spokesman said. “And we have every right to do this." ADAPT protesters are staying at Western Village and took their protest down B Street to the Nugget about 3 p.m. Sparks police made some preliminary arrests and by 5 p.m. all of the ADAPT protesters had moved away from the casino doors. But then at 5:07 p.m.,a phalanx of about a dozen in wheelchairs charged down Nugget Avenue between interstate 80 and the Nugget parking lot and the doors were again barricaded. Just about every Nugget entrance seemed to be blocked at one point or another. ADAPT protester Harlan Hahn of Santa Monica,Calif., was talking to a reporter when Pam Fyock of San Luis Obispo, Calif., who is also confined to a wheelchair, scolded him and other protestors as she left the Nugget. “Just arrest them and haul their ass off," Fyock said of protesters. “They're inconveniencing all of us." After Fyock's comments, however, a transportation association member from Denver said he supported the protestors in their efforts to require more handicapped access to public transportation. “Based on my experience. we don't have problems providing access to the handicapped," said Kevin Sampson of the Denver Regional Transportation Department. “In Chicago, they have hardly any (handicapped access). In Denver, we have almost 600. What the hell is wrong with Chicago?" Sampson said. Hahn, a political science professor at the University of Southern California, compared the handicapped protests to the civil rights protests by the blacks in the 1950s and 1960s against being forced to sit in the back of the bus. "Sparks is the site of a civil rights struggle that began with the Montgomery Boycott," Hahn said. ADAPT protest organizer Stephanie Adams said the Sparks protest has been a little rougher than protests in other cities, citing Furnice's broken knee as one example. "They don't usually handcuff us" when they are arrested, Adams said. Protesters were also pushed and kicked as they tried to enter doors, she said. “Having people serve time for a first offense is not typical," she added. This was the seventh straight year the disabled group had staged a protest at a meeting of the transit group. PHOTO 1 (above) by Joanne Haskin: An African American protester [ET, Ernest Taylor] in a manual wheelchair is bent double on his lap, grimacing, as police officers on each side hold his arms behind his back. PHOTO 2 (right) by Joanne Haskin: A police officer holds a bull horn to his mouth, and a clip board in front of him. Behind him the scene is crowded with several other policemen's heads. All are wearing caps with the Sparks police star logo on the front, and the officer in front has the leaf insignia on the brim. Caption reads: Protest arrests — Sparks police handcuff an unidentified protester (above), one of 49 people arrested Sunday afternoon when members of a handicapped rights group attempted to block the entrances to John Ascuaga's Nugget. The group was protesting the policies of the a public transportation group holding a convention at the Nugget. More than two dozen Sparks police officers, aided by the Nugget's security staff, attempted to maintain order during the demonstration. - ADAPT (461)
RENO GAZETTE-JOURNAL Monday APRIL 10, 1989 [Headline] 49 disabled protesters arrested in Sparks Photo by Cralg Sallor/Gazette-Journal: Two men in wheelchairs are being arrested by police in the middle of the street. The man on the left, Bob Kafka, is being bent forward in his chair and being handcuffed behind his back. Across his legs he has a poster but it is not readable from this copy. The man on the left, Bill Bolte, is sitting up hold a sign about Rights in front of his chest. The policeman is standing beside him bending forward to do something to his chair it seems. caption reads: CONFRONTATION: Sparks police arrested Bob Kafka, left, of Austin, Texas, and Bill Bolte of Los Angeles. Text box has the quote: 'My rights are worth fighting for.’ Bill Bolte/demonstrator [Headline] Public transit meeting draws demands for accessibility By Darcy De Leon/Gazelle-Journal Sparks police arrested 49 disabled protesters demanding accessibility to public buses during a protest Sunday aimed at national transit officials meeting at John Ascuaga's Nugget. About 75 wheelchair-bound members of Denver-based American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation (ADAPT) rushed two entrances of the hotel—casino about 3:15 p.m., but Nugget security officers and police inside blocked the doorways. ADAPT activists chanting, “Access is a civil right,” struggled to open the doors an confront officials with the American Public Transit Association (APTA) attending a five-day convention through Wednesday. Bob Kafka of Austin, Texas, and Bill Bolte, a Los Angeles resident, were the first protesters to he arrested. "My rights are worth fighting for," said Bolte, 57. “APTA is discriminating against us," said Kafka, who has used a wheelchair since breaking his neck in a car accident at the age of 26. "We feel that APTA is to the disabled what the KKK is to the black community.“ At the height of the protest police dragged away three demonstrators lying in the casino entrance. No injuries were reported, police said. Sparks police Lt. Tony Zamboni said that as of late Sunday night, five of the 49 demonstrators arrested had been transferred to the Washoe County jail, after their arraignment in Sparks Municipal Court. They were being held in lieu of $1,025 bond for investigation of obstructing traffic, obstructing a police officer an blocking a fire exit, Zamboni said. Arraignments continued Sunday night for the remaining protesters. Disabled residents from Reno and 30 other cities throughout the country joined in the protest of an expected appeal of a federal court order that requires all public bus systems to be equipped for wheelchairs. ADAPT filed a lawsuit asking for the decision last year. The 3rd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Philadelphia ruled in favor of the group in February. Demonstrators Sunday hoped to persuade the transit officials to work against the appeal, expected to be made by the U.S. Department of Transportation today. APTA spokesman Albert Engelken said the group's protests are “compelling and heart-rending." But he said APTA cannot afford a national mandate for the lifts, which cost $15,000 to install and even more to maintain. Engelken also cited low usage of the buses and suggested the lift requirement be a local option instead of a state mandate. “We're for accessible transportation for the disabled, and we do have it, but the local transit systems and the local disabled communities should decide what is needed because they know what's best." Reno’s Citifare would not be affected by the decision because transit officials already have made a commitment toward a 100 percent wheelchair-equipped bus system, said Bill Derrick, planning manager for the Regional Transportation Commission. All Citifare buses bought since 1984 are wheelchair-equipped, he said, and all non-equipped buses will be replaced by 1996. Mike Auberger, ADAPT founder and protest organizer, said the group has staged at least 14 demonstrations at APTA conferences during the last seven years throughout the United States and Canada. Auberger, 33, of Denver, who has been confined to a wheelchair since a bobsled accident 17 years ago, said demonstrators will follow APTA convention-goers for as long as it takes. “We’re not fighting Reno or any other city. We're fighting APTA,” he said. “We will go to jail, we'll get arrested, but so what — it's a misdemeanor. We'll do it again." Citifare accommodates the disabled more than some other cities, said Reno resident Dottie Spinnetta, 51, who suffers from muscular dystrophy and rides the buses five days a week. But RTC could improve the system by offering additional wheelchair space on the buses and bus pickups every 30 minutes instead of every hour. “I should be able to get around as everyone else can and not have to ask,” she said. “That’s what everybody wants — to be independent." The only drawbacks of using Citifare for John Civitello, 21, is that he has to get up at 4 a.m. to catch a 6 a.m. bus that takes him to his job with American Handicapped Workers. He then waits outside the office another hour until his workday begins at 8 a.m. PHOTO by Joanne Haskin: Two policemen are standing one behind the other, facing a third and behind him is a fourth officer who is using what looks like a video camera. All the police wear hats and are looking down. From their midst, the wild head of Arthur Campbell sticks out, his long white hair flying in different directions, a strange grin on his face and his intense eyebrows above his dark eyes. The police seem to be cradling him, and look down at him. Caption reads: Protest scuffle—Sparks police detain one of the ADAPT protesters that blocked the entrance to John Ascuaga's Nugget during a demonstration Sunday afternoon. Sparks police made a total of 49 arrests during the protest. - ADAPT (455)
This is a continuation of the story on 461 and the complete text of the article is included there for ease of reading. Photo of Arthur Campbell being arrested. - ADAPT (446)
PHOTO Tom Olin: A man in a manual wheelchair with no legs, Jerry Eubanks, is being pushed by a skinny uniformed police man. Jerry is looking to his left, the police man to his right. Another cop looks down at Jerry. A couple of other protesters (Stephanie Thomas and ET, Ernest Taylor) can be seen in the background, with 2 other uniformed police men looking toward them and at the very back a man in a sports jacket and tie is looking right. Everyone is in an empty parking lot. All the ADAPT folks are wearing their uniform, a black T-shirt with a gold ADAPT "no steps" logo on the front. - ADAPT (440)
This article is a continuation of ADAPT 444 and the entire text is included there for ease of reading. - ADAPT (438)
PHOTO Tom Olin: Side view of 5 ADAPT protesters sitting on sidewalk blocking doors to the Nugget Casino. Beside them in background is an empty manual wheelchair, and behind it 2 police men. From right to left protesters are: Paulette Patterson, Stephanie Thomas, Rick James, Jerry Eubanks and Gwen Jackson. - ADAPT (453)
PHOTO by Tom Olin: On the left side of the picture you can see through a glass door men in tuxedo type outfits looking outside as two men, one in a uniform and one in a sports coat, try with all their force to pull an open glass door closed. On the right, two men in wheelchairs (Joe Carle and Ken Heard) try with all their strength to keep the door open. Ken's face is twisted in determination. Behind them Paulette Patterson and JT Templeton in their wheelchairs watch with concern, as do several other protesters. Larry Ruiz in his chair, and a man standing next to him against the wall of the Casino, look out across the street. At the very edge of the picture you can see a small child (Lincoln Blank?) riding on possibly Laurie's back. - ADAPT (452)
PHOTO by Tom Olin: A Sparks policeman a man in a white hat pile on the lap of a protester, also in a cap, who is sitting on the ground by the glass walls or doors of the Nugget Casino. Behind them, against the glass, Barb Guthrie turns her face and body away, in an attempt to protect herself from this tussle. Behind this group three other police are bending forward, presumably over another protester on the ground. Behind them another policeman is bending down toward someone else. Someone's arm is reaching from off camera toward the policemen's backs. At the very back of the photo and in the reflection in the glass you can see a small crowd watching. Legs and feet and one hand of another protester on the ground are visible in the front of the picture.