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Naslovnica / Skupine / Atlanta, fall 1990 26
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"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere." Dr, Martin Luther King
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Two uniformed police officers drag a disabled man (Randy Horton) across a parking lot. The have his shoulders at about the level of their waists. The disabled man has his arms extended in front of him and his body is twisted so his head faces front while his legs and feet are sideways; his shirt is being lifted up so part of his stomach is exposed. One of the policemen looks almost removed and amused, while the other is struggling more, his feet apart in mid-step. A couple of cars are behind the trio and no wheelchair is in sight. The disabled man has a odd expression on his face, part smile, part grimace.
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Logo of the Dept. of Health and Human Services: Two faces form the back of a bird, it's leg and wing as the bird flies forward into a partial circle of the words " Department of Health and Human Services * USA. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C. 20201 October 1, 1990 Mr. Mike Auberger ADAPT 3005 West Gill Place Denver, Colorado 80219 Dear Mr. Auberger: In response to your written request for a meeting with Dr. Sullivan October lst through the 4th, Dr. Sullivan is unable to meet with you during that time; his busy schedule does not allow him to be in Atlanta on those days. Greg Ruth of my staff has conveyed this message to your Denver office and has repeatedly left messages for you in Atlanta. Mr. Thomas T. Williams, the HHS regional director (Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee) has agreed to meet with your group while you are in Atlanta. He is located there and can be reached at 404/331-2442. Sincerely, /'/ Nancy J. Lee Director Office of Scheduling
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Atlanta Journal Constitution Disabled end protest siege at Morehouse By Ben Smith III, Staff writer (This story continues on ADAPT 630 but the entire text is included here for ease of reading.) PHOTO (by Dianne Laakso/Staff): A medium close up of a glass doorway framed in metal. Slightly opened you can see through the opening and the glass a woman (Julie Nolan) in a manual wheelchair seated and blocking the door. She is looking out a far away look in her eye and one arm rests on the inside push handle of the door, while her other strong hand is spread on her leg. She is wearing a teal T-shit and jeans. The writing in her T-shirt is partially obscured by folds and by the door frame but you can make out what appears to be "EQUAL ACCESS NOW" and around these words what appears to be a circle saying "Cape Organization for [Rights of the Disabled]. Disabled activists ended their occupation of a Morehouse College administration building today, leaving with what they said was a statement from the college saying it sympathized with the group’s concerns. About 50 members of ADAPT, or American Disabled for Attendant Programs Today, left the building carrying a statement written on Morehouse President Leroy Keith's stationery. But the statement was not signed or read by any college official, and college officials refused to comment or come out of the building. Meanwhile, another group of disabled activists continued their protest against the nursing home industry and the federal government’s policies on the disabled by barricading the Georgia Health Care Association’s (GHCA) office in Decatur. More than 75 protesters in wheelchairs blocked the entrances and driveways of the GHCA’s headquarters on Memorial Drive early this afternoon, trapping six people in the office. The protesters delivered their demands to GHCA executive vice president Fred Watson, who refused to honor them. The protesters were demanding that Mr. Watson fax a list of their demands to the American Health Care Association, with which the Georgia organization is affiliated. The demands included redirection of federal and state money away from nursing homes to home care. Mr. Watson said, “I’ll send a letter, but not right now.” DeKalb County police who arrived at the scene said they have no plans to arrest the demonstrators. “That’s the last thing we want to do," said Lt. J.W. Austin. “We’re stuck between a rock and a hard place." The disabled activists had occupied the Morehouse College administration building for a day and a half. About 200 demonstrators had taken over Gloster Hall on the Morehouse campus in southwest Atlanta and barricaded the president's office Monday. David Veatch, 24, a Utica, N.Y., member of ADAPT, said, “We are going to let them know that the nursing home lobby needs to reform. We're talking to our captors about our rights.” Earlier, ADAPT members said they wanted Dr. Keith to write a letter to Health and Human Services Secretary Louis Sullivan, asking him to support the organization's position and meet with group members sometime in the near future. But Dr. Keith said he would not write or sign such a letter. “We have no business intervening in this situation where we have no authority," he said. ADAPT wants the federal government to redirect 25 percent of the Medicaid budget from nursing homes to home care. Mr. Veatch estimated the total federal budget for the disabled at more than $17.5 billion. Protesters argue that shifting federal funds to home care for the disabled is more humane and more cost-efficient. Michael Auberger, an ADAPT co-founder, estimated that 250,000 disabled people are being held in nursing homes against their will.” He said that redirecting funds to home care could aid an additional 150,000 disabled people. Mr. Veatch said it costs $30,000 a year to house a disabled person in a nursing home and only $6,000 to $8,000 to care for them at home. “But handicapped continue to be housed in nursing homes," Mr. Veatch said, because we don’t have to deal with the fact that we don’t have accessible communities or accessible buses if we lock them up.” “The ghetto in Soweto is no different than a nursing home,” Mr. Auberger said. You’re locked in there. You don’t have the freedom to leave. You don’t have a choice of what you eat, what time you go to bed or what time you get up. Your freedoms are so restricted that you’re better off being in the Fulton County Jail.” Group members were angry at Dr. Sullivan for not responding to their invitation to meet with them although he spoke at an AIDS symposium in Atlanta last week. “Morehouse Medical College invited him to speak. He came. This group invited him to speak on an issue as serious as AIDS. He chose to ignore the issue," Mr. Auberger said. The protesters said they chose to come to Georgia, in part, because the state is one of the worst at caring for the disabled. Mark Johnson of Alpharetta a spokesman for the Georgia branch of ADAPT, said the state offers no state-funded care for disabled people outside of nursing homes and no matching supplements for federal disability benefits. Most states offer such assistance, Mr. Johnson added. Protesters also complained that residential care facilities can be opened in Georgia with nothing more than a a business license. Staff writer Lyle Harris and The Associated Press contributed to this report. PHOTO, by Johnny Crawford/Staff: A line of people in wheelchairs and dark ADAPT "no steps" T-Shirts head toward the camera, traveling along the side of a road. Beside them are parked cars and onlookers. In the front is Lee Jackson in a white ADAPT sweatshirt; he is being pushed by Babs Johnson. Behind them is Mike Auberger, with his leg extended out in front of him. Behind him is Clayton Jones, and next is Frank McComb being pushed by Lori Eastwood, and behind them faces become blurrier, but you can see Arthur Campbell. Caption reads: More than 150 advocates for the handicapped move down Westview Drive at Morehouse College. At the front of the line is Lee Jackson.
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November 1992 Access USA News Page 5 Atlantis leads to ADAPT leads to independence Cathy Seabaugh, Staff Writer DENVER,CO-Their offices are relatively small compared to the massive projects the American Disabled for Attendant Programs Today organization tackles. An inconspicuous location in south central Denver serves as national headquarters for the 29 states who have ADAPT chapters. This Colorado town is a gold mine for members of the disabled community, not so much for its accessibility and attitudes, but for the brainstem which this office at 12 Broadway has become. ADAPT representatives throughout the United States act as nerve endings, sending vital messages to the Denver office so it can operate efficiently and effectively. Effectiveness: a term well defined by ADAPT members. ADAPT was conceived and delivered by staff and volunteers of Atlantis Community, founded in 1975 by former nursing home employee Wade Blank and Mike Auberger, a quadriplegic from a bobsledding accident in 1971. Atlantis emerged so that individuals, even those who are severely, multiply-disabled, have the option to live outside an institution. ln its first l5 years, Atlantis was able to successfully transition more than 400 disabled adults from “sheltered settings" to more independent living standards. As an admirable offspring of Atlantis, ADAPT set its own agenda in June 1983 and embarked on an action-packed mission to make public transportation accessible to everyone. American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit set out to train, develop and empower disabled activists so they could effectively battle for that accessibility. Eighteen members of the Atlantis community had taken the first strides toward accessible public transportation in Denver when they gathered on July 5&6, 1978, to block city buses at Broadway and Colfax across from the state capitol. ‘Then in 1982, after beating up the board enough," said Auberger, one of the 18, "they decided they'd buy all lift-equipped buses." Once ADAPT formed the next year, the foundation was in place. With Denver as a model, activists began chipping away at other cities’ granite-like, antiquated public transportation systems. "(Former President Jimmy) Carter appointed Brock Adams in 1976 and Adams set a federal mandate that all new buses bought with federal money had to have (wheelchair) lifts,” Auberger said. "Under the Reagan administration, APTA (American Public Transit Association) sued (to avoid the lift requirements) and won. "APTA was having its national convention in Denver in October 1983 and about 20 people from across the country showed up to join about 22 people from Denver. We sent notice to (APTA) that their convention would not go uninterrupted if they did not meet with us. They went to the mayor, but he said he wouldn't protect them unless they agreed to meet with us.” ADAPT met APTA there. They would meet many more times. "We decided wherever they had a convention, we would go,” Auberger said. "It moved us around to communities where they'd never been exposed to the issues. People all of a sudden became aware. "If we're talking about the issues, people are going to form an opinion. You polarize people. Whether they support you or not is not the point. If there's not an opinion there, you can't change it." The deep roots, pockets or whatever of APTA were a long-time barrier for ADAPT. But as the Americans with Disabilities Act cemented and included regulations for public transportation, APTA’s resistance to ADAPT's demands weakened until the federal govemment finally made ADA the law. With that priceless piece of legislation signed and inducted into the pages of history, ADAPT was ready for its next mission. "What we said at that point to members was to put out feelers in your communities,” Auberger said. "What we found was personal assistants was the biggest issue of concern.” Retaining the ADAPT acronym, the group devised new plans to force change in the long-term health care system of the United States. “At least 60 percent of ADAPT members have (resided) in nursing homes at one time or another,” Auberger said, "The other 40 percent have spent their lives trying to avoid going into one.” Although ADAPT and Atlantis are neither to lose its identity in the other, they are a family unit and work together toward change. Atlantis is a certified home health care agency, making 53,000 visits each year in Denver and Colorado Springs, serving approximately 85 clients. “That's 365 days a year, whether there's three feet of snow on the ground or it's 105 degrees," Auberger said. “We have a 24-hours-a-day emergency backup system that works probably 98 percent of the time." One Atlantis client is a C2 quadriplegic who is on a ventilator nonstop. Yet he is allowed to live in his own home with the help of Atlantis personal attendants. "That shows you our capabilities,” Auberger said. ”We can provide 24-hour care for about $7,500 a year. A nursing home would do it for $20,000.” ADAPT’s scrapbook for the past two years includes protests in almost countless cities throughout the country. Wherever Dr. Louis Sullivan, Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, made a speech or appearance, ADAPT added itself to the invitation list. The protests usually involved arrests, which is a proven effective tool for drawing media coverage. Radical activity, some say. "We really give the middle-of-the-road disabled community members the power to make change," Auberger said. "We make them look sane. “It's like in Illinois, Gov. Edgar didn't have a problem meeting with the straight group who went to Springfield because they were sane. lf he dealt with our radical group, he'd have to deal with all radical groups. We really give (middle-of-the-road community members) a platform." ADAPT picks on Sullivan because, they say, he can initiate change. They argue that Sullivan's signature is all that's necessary to require the states receiving Medicaid to provide personal assistants. Just more than half the states provide such funding and many; if not all, of those programs are underfunded, restricted and far short of meeting the demand. ADAPT seeks to convince Health and Human Services - Sullivan - to take one-third of the $15 billion Medicaid dollars and commit it to home-based, consumer-controlled services. "Every state that buys into Medicaid has to fund nursing homes,” Auberger said, explaining how the system currently works. Sixty-five percent of all money paid to nursing homes is Medicaid funds. "States have little play in what they can do with Medicaid.” Nursing homes use what's called a “cold bed rate" which refers to the empty beds in their institutions that are not producing income. Lobbyists for the nursing home industry are looking at these rates and profit margins, not at long-term care that allows individuals to retain their independence. "We’ve become a valuable commodity,” Auberger said. "It's a normal mindset to put someone in a nursing home. This is so ingrained in our society. There's currently no alternative, and most people aren't able to envision the type of care we're talking about." Auberger encourages every person he can to write letters to members of Congress, senators and other politicians who can have an impact on the future of people with disabilities. "When you do that, you raise a level of consciousness,” he said. "You don't have to mention (the numbers), just the concept. "The logic is the problem. When parents are doing (personal attendant care), for free, it doesn't have to be skilled. When Medicaid pays for that same care, a nurse has to do it.” Statistics provided by the American Health Care Association show the average lifespan on an individual in a nursing home is 21 months. "You can't convince me there's quality care in a nursing home," Auberger said. "We (at Atlantis) are non-medical personal attendants. When the staff goes into a home, the person in that home is the boss. We do things the way they want us to do them. "People don't have to give up their power to able-bodied people. But it's okay to share the power." Although many members of the disabled community have made endorsements this election year, ADAPT chooses to remain rather neutral - for a change. "Don't pick a side,” Auberger said. "As soon as you pick a side and that side loses, you now have an enemy on the other side. That's been real effective tor us. We'll rate candidates on disability issues, but we won't endorse anyone. "If there's a disability issue in Colorado, legislators call here, the media calls here. We're a powerful entity in this state. As hundreds of ADAPT activists confronted the annual conference of the nursing home industry in San Francisco October 19-21, the power of this entity spread toward the Pacific. Persons interested in more information about ADAPT can call Auberger or Wade Blank at (303) 733-9324 (voice and TDD). INSERT AT CENTER OF PAGE: Across the top in bold letters the word "ATLANTIS" and below that ADAPT's new Free Our People logo, the wheelchair access symbol with it's arms raised above its head breaking chains that are bound to it's wrists. Above this figure, in a semi-circular pattern the words "Free Our People" and below, also in a semi-circular pattern, "ADAPT"
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PHOTO (by Tom Olin): Inside a city bus that gleams on all it's metal surfaces and casts a blue green light across everything. A woman (Diane Coleman) in a motorized wheelchair sits in the aisle and smiles slightly. She wears and ADAPT headband and holds a flat object - like a pad of paper - in one hand, and something else in the other. Across her long red skirt is an orange poster that reads "A.D.A.P.T. or PERISH." A police officer facing the back of the bus is bending over her shoulder doing something behind her chair. In the wheelchair seating behind and to her right a man in a wheelchair (James JT Templeton) watches what the officer is doing, his hand resting against his cheek. On Diane's left and behind another man (Jim Parker) also seems to be watching what the officer is doing. He also has a headband on and his gloved hand is resting on the windowsill of the bus.
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PHOTO: Black and white, it appears to be from a newspaper or similar source. Almost in the center is a more than twice life-sized statue of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. standing with his right arm extended, hand pointing. All around the base of the statue and the edge of the building behind and up the ramp and across the entrance to the building is a crowd of people, mostly in wheelchairs. Here and there are people in business attire standing and looking at the crowd. There are at least 75 protesters around the statue and in front of the doors.
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PHOTO (by Tom Olin): A group of ADAPT people in black ADAPT T-shirts with the no steps logo with "Free Our People" printed below are gathered at the back of a yellow brick building (the Georgia Health Care Association). There are two small back porches with metal railings and steps. Some of the group have gone up the steps of one, there is a man in a wheelchair sitting on the porch on the right side of the picture and another man sitting on the edge of the porch, his legs hanging down. In front of them another protester wearing denim sits in an old institutional type manual wheelchair. All three are looking to the steps of the porch on the left where some some attendants seem to be helping other protesters up the steps of the other porch. One man is standing in the center, his mouth slightly open. A camera person is taking a still photo of the people on the steps.
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This is a continuation of the article on 635, and the text in full is included there for ease of reading.
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Atlanta Journal 10/4/1990 Disabled protesters arrested downtown Charged in blocking of building’s doors By Bill Montgomery and Ben Smith staff writers As supporters cheered and chanted, more than 30 activists for the handicapped in wheelchairs were arrested for sealing off the Richard B. Russell Federal Building in Atlanta Wednesday. They were lifted by police aboard MARTA buses and taken to hastily arranged hearings in a parking lot at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium. U.S. Magistrate John Strother released the activists — who are protesting U.S. government funding of nursing home care for the disabled — on personal appearance bond for arraignment in Magistrate's court on Nov. 16. The defendants face a maximum $50 fine or 30 days in jail for a class B misdemeanor, hindering access to and from a federal building. Wednesday's blockade at the Russell building by American Disabled for Attendant Programs Today (ADAPT), continued the strategy that the group used to seize the Morehouse College administration building and a nursing home association headquarters in Decatur on Monday and Tuesday. About half of the 100 protestors who appeared at 11 a.m. to blockade all street level doors refused orders by Russell Building security chief Thomas W. Woodall to move away from the entrances by 2:30 p.m. or face arrest. Several chained themselves and their wheelchairs to the revolving doors. Employees and people attempting to enter the Russell Building used a tunnel from the federal annex across the street to enter the building. Atlanta police, federal marshals and Russell Building security officers began arrests at 2:45, less than 90 minutes before some offices in the building close for the day. Protesters who moved away from the doors chanted “Free our people now!” as their arrested comrades, some grinning and flashing raised thumbs and “victory” signals, were lifted by their wheelchairs onto four MARTA buses. By 5 p.m., 31 men and women had been delivered to a parking lot across from the stadium for the hearings. The protesters are demanding that the federal government redirect 25 percent of funding for the disabled from nursing homes to home care. They argue that 250,000 disabled people are being held in nursing homes against their will, and that this shift in funding is more humane and cost-efficient.
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PHOTO (by Tom Olin?): A man in dark suit stands in the doorway of the front of a MARTA bus (number 1746). His back is to the camera and he is looking inside and writing or typing on something. A little further inside the doorway another person in jeans and a light jacket stands, hand on hip; his head is obscured by shadow. In the window of the bus you can see heads of people sitting inside (Babs Johnson is the only one recognizable). The bus is in a big empty parking lot and this has the look of an arrest.
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Protest by disabled ends Demands not met, group plans new try today By Ben Smith Ill Staff writer Handicapped protesters who blockaded an Atlanta college administration building and a health-care facility in Decatur ended their siege of both buildings Tuesday without having their demands met. But group leaders of American Disabled for Attendant Programs Today (ADAPT) called their protests successful and planned to carry their demonstrations for increased funding for home care for the disabled to the Richard B. Russell Federal Building today. The protesters are demanding that the federal government redirect 25 percent of funding for the disabled from nursing homes to home care. They argue that 250,000 disabled people are being held in nursing homes against their will, and that this shift in funding is more humane and cost-efficient. “The ghetto in Soweto is no different than a nursing home,” said Michael Auberger, an ADAPT co-founder. “You're locked in there. You don't have the freedom to leave. You don't have a choice of what you eat, what time you go to bed or what time you get up.” The activists ended their occupation of a Morehouse College administration building Tuesday, leaving with what they said was a statement from the college saying it sympathized with the group's concerns. The disabled activists, who occupied the building for a day and a half, had demanded that Morehouse President Leroy Keith arrange a meeting between the demonstrators and Secretary of Health and Human Services Louis Sullivan. Dr. Keith refused. The group on Tuesday tried to enlist the support of the Georgia Health Care Association (GHCA). Nearly 100 protesters blocked the entrances and driveway of the GHCA office, demanding that officials agree to support their cause. While GHCA executive vice president Fred Watson agreed to send a copy of the group’s demands to the American Health Association, with which the Georgia organization is affiliated, he refused to sign an ADAPT letter supporting the redirection of federal funds. “Allocating 25 percent from nursing homes to their cause would only hurt the people who are in nursing homes now,” Mr. Watson said. The protest lasted nearly five hours, but the group's blockade was broken by police. The protesters contend that Georgia is one of the worst states in caring for disabled people and offers no state-funded home care or matching supplements for federal disability benefits.
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Atlanta Constitution Oct 3, 1990 Disabled demand help PHOTO (by Michael A. Schwarz/Staff): Man in a motorized wheelchair, Danny Saenz, holding a drink in one hand grabs the door of a suburban car and holds it slightly open while the driver, taken aback, looks at him. A policeman holds the man's other arm and tries to pull him away from the car. Behind them protesters with signs are visible, and behind them a small office building with tall pine trees in the very back. Caption reads: Danny Saenz, protesting Tuesday with American Disabled for Attendant Programs Today, tries to stop Fred Watson, an official of the Georgia Health Care Association, from leaving his office. PHOTO (by Michael A. Schwarz/Staff): Two policemen hold a disabled man (Randy Horton) up by his arms at about their waist height. His legs extend out to the side and he holds his arms out in front of him. One of the policemen is doing most of the work, struggling to hold him back, while the other looks on with a neutral expression and simply holds his other arm. A couple of cars in the background indicate they are in a parking lot. PHOTO (by Michael A. Schwarz/Staff): A small woman holding a sign "Honk if you support us" in one hand and her other arm raised, sits a top the suburban. The car is surrounded by protesters in wheelchairs, two are up against the back, blocking it, three others have signs and most appear to be chanting. Their signs read "Free Our People" (on a huge placard) and "We want Independent Living Now" Caption reads: Protesters surround Mr. Watson's van (above) before police move in (left). Article, Page D2.
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Edition USA/Colorado ADAPT seeks home care for all by Kerri S. Smith A national disabled persons’ advocacy organization based in Denver has launched a campaign aimed at moving people from nursing homes to home care. American Disabled for Attendant Programs Today (ADAPT) has at short-term goal: to re-direct 25 percent on the government's annual nursing home care budget. That money—estimated at $5.5 billion federal money and $5.5 billion from state coffers-would fund a national home care program instead. Under the ADAPT proposal, nursing home residents whose care is covered by Medicare or Medicaid could live at home. The government would pay home are attendants to care for them, rather than paying the facility. ADAPT spokesperson Mike Auberger said the group seeks “the ultimate demise of the nursing home system," and contends that paying an attendant to provide home care for a person usually costs less than nursing home care. In theory, the ADAPT plan would spend government money more efficiently-the same money would be used to care for more people who need assistance. The government is not enthusiastic about the idea, and a local nursing home industry spokesperson said ADAPT's demands are unrealistic. Auberger said Health and Human Services secretary Louis Sullivan declined to meet with ADAPT representatives. "We've been going back and forth with them, and the outcome is he doesn't meet with radical groups," Auberger said. And Arlene Linton, executive director of the Colorado Health Care Association (CHCA), said moving nursing home residents out of facilities “would isolate many of them from the community. “They'd also be without the 24-hour-care and rehabilitative services provided in nursing homes," Linton said. CHCA is the local branch of the American Health Care Association, which represents the nursing home industry. Linton added that ADAPT "is talking dollars, not people. Some residents have outlived their family and friends, and need the support a nursing home offers." A national campaign to publicize ADAPT's proposal began Jan. 15. Members demonstrated at government offices (including Health Care Financing Administration offices) and nursing homes in 24 cities. Auberger said media coverage was minimal, due to the Persian Gulf Crisis. Locally, ADAPT representatives demonstrated in Lakewood at Bethany Care Center. In the mid-'70s, the facility was operated by different owners and was known as Heritage House. Conditions at that time sparked a 13-year lawsuit over nursing home residents’ rights. The Federal Omnibus Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1988 also addressed quality of life issues for nursing home residents. The bill became effective Oct. 1, 1990. ln 1974, former Heritage House residents joined with Denverite Wade Blank and others to form the Atlantis Community, a local home care agency that currently cares for 135 people in Denver and Colorado Springs. Later, Atlantis Community leaders founded ADAPT. The group mobilized the civil rights movement for disabled persons, and ultimately affected the way nursing homes are inspected and regulated nationally. Auberger claims many current nursing home patients don't require intensive medical care, and "end up there only because they're out of money or their families can't care for them." Linton said CHCA met with ADAPT representatives twice to discuss the attendant proposal, "but they rejected our request to form a task force to find common ground." While Linton endorses home care as “a part of the long-term care continuum," she called the ADAPT proposal “robbing Peter to pay Paul. "We cannot support the concept of lowering funding for nursing home patients, to set up another funding to attendant services," Linton said. “We need new, additional funding for that." Recent federal budget cuts may make additional funding unlikely, at least in the near future. Atlantis and ADAPT are determined, however, and they are prepared for a long campaign.
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PHOTO: by Tom Olin. A long, single-file line of ADAPT marchers is headed by Lee Jackson (left), Bob Kafka (center), and Terri Fowler (right) being pushed by some one. Lee and Bob have on different ADAPT no steps logo T-shirts. Behind Bob someone is carrying the ADAPT flag, behind that person you can see Claude Holcomb, and a few more people back you can see Wade pushing someone (Paulette Patterson?). They are marching down the street (in front of the Russell Federal Building in Atlanta) A TV cameraman is standing on the sidewalk filming the march, and near him two people in wheelchairs and another person are on the sidewalk.