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ADAPT (384)
ADAPT [flyer in French for the Montreal protest] [Title] Nous Serons Transportes 4536 East Colfax Denver, Colorado 80220 303-393-0630 Cette resolution est presentee par l'organisation -ADAPT, American Disabled for Accessible Public Transport (Les Handicapes Americains pour un Transport Publique Accessible). Attendu que: C'est imperieux que les citoyens employants les fauteils roulants pour la mobilite ont la capacite d'employer le transport publique afin de participer egalement dans la societe; Attendu que: La technologie est disponible a faire les autobus accessible aux fauteils roulants; Attendu que: Plusieurs des grandes villes ont fait accessible leurs autobus (l'adaptation du reseau regulier) et ils ont trouve que ce projet produit un success marquant; Attendu que: Offrir seulment le transport adapte pour les personnes handicapees (transport de la porte a la port dans un minibus special), ca les isole et rend alienees. En effet, un transport special souligne que la separation n'est jamais l'egalite. Attendu que: L'Association de Transport Publique de l'Amerique; APTA, represent presque toutes les societes de transport des Etas Unis et plusiers du Canada - Montreal parmi eux. Aussi, APTA a le pouvoir a encourager ses membres a faire leurs systems de transport accessible a les personnes handicapees, et APTA a le pouvoir a encourager les fabricants des autobus a constuir les autobus accessibles. Par consequent le suivant est resolu: 1) L'Association du Transport Publique de l'Amerique, APTA, demand publiquement l'accessibilite totale pour tous les systems du transport publique. 2) APTA declare a tous les fabricants des autobus qu'a l'avenir les membres d'APTA n'achetent que les autobus accessible.
ADAPT (393)
The Gazette, Montreal, Saturday, October 1, 1988MUC [Montreal Urban Community] police officers practice the proper way to arrest a handicapped person. Title: Police on guard as disabled plan protest at transit meet By LYNN MOORE of The Gazette Montreal Urban Community police are bracing for trouble from a militant group of disabled Americans with a beef against the American Public Transit Association. The association is holding its convention in Montreal, and about 150 members of the American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit (ADAPT) and 20 handicapped Canadians will engage in "confrontational" lobbying at the convention site and elsewhere in the city. The group wants mechanical lifts on all buses in the U.S. It claims between 300 and 500 members. [Subheading] Meet starts tomorrow The Montreal Urban Community Transit Corp., a founding member of the transit association, is host of the four-day meet. It starts tomorrow at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel and is expected to draw about 3,000 people. MUC police are taking the protesters seriously, after speaking with U.S. police and watching videos of demonstrations in the U.S. The MUC department says the protesters — many of whom will be in wheelchairs — are capable of creating traffic chaos, halting buses and closing bridges. While the disabled group won't reveal its targets, a spokesman told The Gazette that its members will chain themselves and their wheelchairs to buses and buildings. "We are not violent. We are confrontational and aggressive," Stephanie Thomas said. She and her husband have come from Austin, Tex., to protest. ADAPT has hounded transit association conventions for five years. Thomas says she has been arrested at least 10 times but has never spent more than two days in jail. "I personally would rather not go around making enemies in every town," she said. "I would just like to ride the public transit." Some Montrealers who had planned to protest with ADAPT have backed out after a newspaper reported that many of its members were Vietnam veterans and violence was expected, said Francois Gagnon, vice-president of the Movement of Handicapped Consumers of Quebec. But Thomas said her husband will be the only Vietnam vet involved in the Montreal protests. To deal with the anticipated protests, about 100 MUC police officers have been put through a day-long training session, division director Marcel Auger told a news conference yesterday. Part of the session was conducted by two handicapped Montrealers: Restraining straps instead of handcuffs will be used on demonstrators who are arrested. Medical staff will examine protesters, Auger said. Municipal court and Quebec Court judges will be available around the clock to avoid keeping the protesters in custody. ADAPT members usually plead guilty to charges, however, and opt for jail terms rather than pay fines. Space in the two city jails has been set aside for the protesters. [Subheading] Service inadequate Local disabled groups aren't happy with MUCTC services; Gagnon called the MUCTC's door-to-door minibus operation, coupled with a small taxi service, simply inadequate. He was particularly incensed over the MUCTC's refusal to provide the elderly and handicapped with easy access to the new Metro stations that opened last winter. The Regroupement des Usagers du Transport Adapte is "not at all pleased" with the level of service provided to the disabled by the MUCTC but will not protest with ADAPT, spokesman Yvon Desgro-seilliers said. Disabled find city an obstacle course. The End 
ADAPT (415)
St. Louis Post Dispatch, 5/13/88 Activists Derail Transit Group’s Welcoming Plans By Mark Schlinkmann, Regional Political Correspondent Officials have moved the site of a convention's welcoming ceremony Sunday night away from the Gateway Arch visitors' center because of fears of a protest by disabled-rights activists. Organizers of a transit officials' convention have moved the reception site to the Omni Hotel, the site of the convention. Better security can be provided at the hotel, a spokesman for the Bi-State Development Agency, Thomas Sturgess, said Thursday. Because most other activities connected with the five-day convention will be at the hotel, Sturgess said, "The participants already will be there." More than 600 people from across the country are expected to attend the convention, a regional conference of the American Public Transit Association. As many as 150 others affiliated with Americans Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation — known as ADAPT — are expected to be here to protest the organization's stand on wheelchair lifts for buses. Police say the protest group, including many in wheelchairs themselves, has a reputation for seeking arrest to dramatize their cause. Tactics in other cities have included blocking roadways and chaining themselves to buses, Bi-State officials have said. ADAPT wants the Transit Association to endorse 100 percent accessibility to buses and other public transportation for the disabled through the installation of wheelchair lifts by all its member systems. Disabled people should have the right to as much access to taxpayer-financed transportation as able-bodied people enjoy, ADAPT officials argue. "Our demand is that the association change its policy," said the Rev. Wade Blank of Denver, an ADAPT founder. The association "will not have their parties anywhere in the United States without people in wheelchairs making them inaccessible." Transit association officials respond by saying that although they support access for the disabled, wheelchair lifts are not the only way to provide it. Jack R. Gilstrap, executive vice-president of the Transit Association, said Thursday that about a third of the nation's transit systems use lifts on buses; a third have begun using vans to provide door-to-door service for disabled persons; and a third use a combination. The vans have a higher rate of use than wheelchair lifts on standard buses and so are less costly, he said. "We believe the local community ought to be deciding how this will be provided," Gilstrap said. "There really are some serious business and tax-payer considerations." ADAPT complains that "paratransit vans, which usually must be reserved in advance, segregate the disabled from the general public. "It's very similar to apartheid," Blank said. In St Louis, the Bi-State transit system is using a combination — developed in conjunction with a local committee of disabled persons. Almost 120 new standard buses equipped with wheelchair lifts are being purchased between now and early 1989. In addition, the system's "Call-A-Ride" van service for disabled people — now limited to parts of St. Louis County — will be expanded to cover all of St. Louis and St. Louis County in November. At that time, Bi-State also will begin issuing scrip that can be used by disabled persons to take taxis in certain circumstances. ADAPT officials have said the organization is satisfied with Bi-State's plans. But they have complained that Bi-State is allowing two of its buses to be used as paddy-wagons on call in the case of any arrests at the demonstrations.
ADAPT (410)
PHOTO: A single file line of wheelchairs in the middle of a street (see ADAPT 407). Behind them is a somewhat desolate city view. From Left to right: A man in a motorized wheelchair with an ADAPT sticker on the side, then Patty Leffingwell in a motorized chair wearing an ADAPT headband over her hat and holding a bag. On the side of her chair are ADAPT stickers including one that reads "steps spell discrimination" with the ADAPT no steps logo. In front of her is George Cooper in a manual wheelchair; he is an older man wearing a green ADAPT shirt and he has strong looking biceps. In front of him is Greg Buchannan in a motorized wheelchair with the "steps" bumper sticker. Beside him is an attendant who is handing him a drink.
ADAPT (407)
PHOTO: A group of people in wheelchairs is lined up single file down the middle of a city street. From left to right the people in the line are: Mike Auberger in sunglasses and sleeveless t-shirt, Joe Carle in a blue cap, Linda Johnston in a green hat, Heather Blank in a blue ADAPT shirt, Larry Ruiz in orange pants, Wade Blank walks behind and beside Larry and Heather. In fromt of Larry is an unknown man in a manual wheelchair being pushed by a woman in a reddish ADAPT shirt, and headband. In front of them Tim Baker and Paulette Sanchez wask beside him, and on the right edge of the picture you can see Babs Johnson's backpack and arm. Behind the group is the Holiday Inn where we stayed for this action. The headband several of the group are wearing is a headband created by Arthur Campbell for this action.
ADAPT (307)
SMITH BY JEFF SMITH Title: ROLL MODELS Civil disobedience tends to be a cyclical form of political expression. It only comes into flower every few years, even decades, and during the intermissions of its popularity, the great masses in the political middle tend to forget what an important tool it is. Indeed, civil disobedience is the only legitimate means of effecting change on behalf of minority needs. Mull it over: • A minority with a valid and pressing need to see some public policy created or changed has the option of going to the polls along with everyone else . . . and losing. because it is, after all, a minority. Or: • Its members could arm themselves and turn their minority cause into a guerilla war, which the majority would agree is hardly a legitimate solution. Or: • They could employ the classic, nonviolent, Gandhian stratagem of civil disobedience. Bingo. Which is why I endorse the protest staged recently by American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation (ADAPT). About 200 members of the Denver-based group, most of them in their primary means of transportation — wheelchairs— came here and raised hell a couple of weeks ago with the national convention of the American Public Transportation Association. It was a classic sit-in. Gimps are good at that. But it's been quite a while—a peaceful, soporific, almost brain-dead while—since the civil-rights movement and the Vietnam War era, when sit-ins, protest marches and similar styles of civil disobedience were at all common. And six years of Reagan, four of Carter and three of Ford have turned many of us into conservatives like Phoenix City Councilman Howard Adams, who sympathize the problems of certain minorities, but object to the only tactic they really can use to solve those problems. Adams doesn't think cripples ought to be blocking restaurant and hotel entrances, impeding the comings and goings of conventioneers and blockading buses in order to make their point that most public transit is inaccessible to people in wheelchairs and those rendered nearly immobile by the need for canes and crutches. Adams is not an unsympathetic man: He has both sympathy and empathy for the disabled. In case you didn't know it, Howard Adams is a gimp himself. He was crippled in a swimming accident twenty years ago. And in case you think my characterizations mark me as a churl, know that I'm a gimp, too, coming on six years in a wheelchair after a motorcycle crash. (I got to be churlish independent of paralysis.) So both Howard and I know something of the subject. I simply know more than he does on account of I'm smarter. So listen up: Neither Howard Adams nor Yr. Obdt. Svt. is a decent role model for anyone with ambitions of becoming disabled. I am far too pretty and talented; Howard Adams is too powerful and prosperous. It is way too easy for someone like Adams or me to say, Hey, why don't the rest of you gimps just get your own car or van, like me? Adams is a quadriplegic with a specially equipped van. It is his own rig, but he must get someone else to drive it for him. When he's on city business, or going to and from his Phoenix City Council office, the city provides the driver. I am a paraplegic, somewhat less handicapped than Adams, so I drive myself in a station wagon with hand controls. Now you might think owning a car is virtually within the reach of anyone. Even the poorest hovel might have a Caddy parked outside. And you might say that since Smith and Adams manage so commendably, anybody can work and support a family, and get around to do [missing text here] unaffordable. Sensible people of limited means may own one old beater which one spouse takes to work, while the other rides the bus. Consider that even for Homo erectus, hoofing to the bus stop on hind feet in Hush Puppies and making the necessary connections to get from home in Phoenix to work in Tempe can be a major pain in the ass and add several hours to the workday. Now try it from a wheelchair. Listen: I am about as adapted, chipper and successful a gimp as you're likely to meet, and I don't go to Circle K's anymore. How familiar the ritual: You're driving home and you get a lech for a cold one. You hang a quick right, don't even shut off the engine, you're in and out in a flash, and buzzing nicely on your second beer before you've hit the next stoplight. When you're in a wheelchair you don't do stuff like this anymore. It is simply too much bother. Even for a gimp like me, with great strong arms, catlike grace and his own automobile. I run wheelchair marathons, lift weights three times a week, have the cardiovascular system of a twelve-year-old, but I do not visit Circle K's. It takes too long, requires too much exertion, inflicts too much pain, and maybe there's no ramp. Screw it. If I had to call two days, or as much as a week in advance to arrange to have a special van pick me up—just to make a doctor's appointment or go buy - groceries—I don't know if I could cope. If Howard Adams had to plan his daily schedule around Phoenix bus schedules, which provide wheelchair service on only six of 54 bus routes, I wonder if he would be able to discharge his duties as a councilman. I suppose he would, being the Type A he is. "I haven't showcased my activities," Adams told me, "but I am interested in this issue." Indeed, Adams has just been appointed to President Reagan's Architecture and Transportation . Compliance Board, which oversees enforcement of federal access regulation. Adams said he thinks Phoenix is doing well on handicap access, but if he lived in, say, New York, he might be frustrated and angry. Then would he resort to civil disobedience? "Probably not," he said. "I'd work the [missing text here] That might work for Howard Adams, - but not for all of Jerry's kids. I've learned a lot of stuff about gimps since becoming one — stuff that contradicts most of what I thought I knew before. No two of us are alike. Being paralyzed doesn't mean blessed forgetfulness of the concerns of your formerly functional physiology. You can experience constant pain from the paralyzed parts. You can have involuntary muscles spasms that make it impossible to sit still, and even more difficult to haul around those parts that would be tough enough to move if they just lay there like deadwood. You can run out of popcorn and have to get rest before the day is half done. You can spend two hours getting bathed and dressed to go out in public, only to get just out the door and find you've pissed your pants and have to go back and start all over. Think about these things the next time you scoff at the demands of the disabled for better access to public transportation, for ramps at street corners, for rest rooms with doors wide enough for a wheelchair, for wider aisles in airplanes, elevators in two-story buildings. Think what it means when a six-inch curb is as impassable a barrier as a prison wall. Not figuratively. In fact. Think about these things and think about one thing further: Disability is a very Eighties fashion of affliction, tres chic you could say. With speed sports like sail-boarding, off-roading and even sidewalk surfing being so trendy, lots more of you hip, yuppie dudes and dudettes will be joining me on wheels in the very near future. Think of handicapped access as an investment in your own future. Think of all this the next time you find yourself staring at the convenience market — the one with the cold can of beer— from across a lane of oncoming traffic, and you decide it's just too inconvenient to make a left-hand turn. Believe thee me: You don't have a clue as to what inconvenience is.
ADAPT (333)
Photo Tom Olin: A large group of ADAPT protesters line three sides of a open square. A man in a cowboy hat, denim vest and manual wheelchair (Joe Carle) rolls across the middle of the open area. In the foreground a man in a motorized wheelchair (Mark Johnson) talks with someone just out of the picture. In the group around the edges are (left to right): Loretta Dufriend, Gil Casarez, Tom Pugh, Bernard Baker, Renata Conrad, Alfredo Aguirre?, and Greg Buchannan, among others.
ADAPT (326)
Arizona Republic 4/17/87 Photo (whole right of the page) by Peter Schwepker/Republic: A small woman [Mary Ann Collinsworth] braces her legs to pull another woman [Katie Hoffman] in an airport style manual wheelchair across some rough terrain. Katie is holding the arm rests of the chair. Caption: Mary Ann Collinsworth helps Katie Hoffman maneuver across rocks as the Denver women head for a protest at the Mansion Club) Title: 5 Protesters Arrested for Wheelchair Honking By J.F. Torrey The Arizona Republic [This is an article that appears in ADAPT 326 and 325, but the entire text has been included here for easier reading.] Excessive wheelchair horn-honking led to disorderly conduct arrests of five members of the American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit on Monday afternoon in front of the downtown Phoenix Hyatt Regency. The arrests came from a frustrating morning for members of the group, which is in the city to protest the policies of the American Public Transit Association. The association is holding its annual Western meeting at the Hyatt. ADAPT would like to see the association, a trade group of public-transit-system officials, adopt a policy recommending that all public buses be equipped with lift systems to accommodate wheelchair-bound passengers. The arrests began at 3:41 p.m. after ADAPT members refused to stop blowing the horns on their electric wheelchairs. Four of the five people arrested were arrested Sunday at another demonstration. Phoenix police Lt. Ted McCreary led a half-dozen plainclothes officers over to the group of horn blowers, who were at the northern end of a line of 48 wheelchairs and a baby carriage that the protesters had assembled in front of the Hyatt. The group had spent more than an hour chanting and singing outside the hotel when McCreary made the attempt to silence the horns, which had been blowing intermittently during the demonstration. As police closed in, the original group stopped blowing the horns, only to be surrounded by other demonstrators in wheelchairs who began blowing theirs. Police eventually identified a demonstrator they planned to arrest, only to be surrounded by the rest of the demonstrators in wheelchairs, an action that made it difficult for police to move the suspect to a waiting lift-equipped van. McCreary later expressed frustration at the problems involved in policing the demonstration. "None of this is ever good,” he said. “We’re never in a winning position.” One of those arrested, Marilyn Golden, 33, of Oakland, California, complained that police had broken an agreement reached with ADAPT members in Monday’s arrests. “We were told that if we were going to be arrested, we would be warned,” Golden said. “I wasn’t, and I don’t even know what they’re arresting me for.” Sergeant Ken Johnson, a police spokesman, said he was not aware of the agreement to provide a warning. “Certainly there is no legal requirement that we give a warning,” Johnson said. “Maybe she couldn’t hear it because of the horns.” Earlier in the day, at a demonstration at the Mansion Club near the Arizona Biltmore Hotel, Sergeant Brad Thiss, another police spokesman, expressed similar sentiments as nearly 30 plainclothes officers approached a group of demonstrators who were attempting to block access to a luncheon of spouses of association members. When asked why only a few officers were in uniform, Thiss replied, “We’re trying to soften our image a little bit. Of course, how can you soften your image in wheelchairs into vans and arresting them?” The Mansion Club luncheon protest did not result in any arrests because those attending walked to the restaurant. ADAPT organizer Mike Auberger said that the protest achieved its goal because no buses passed the group’s line. “We want the function to go on as it would,” Auberger said. “We just want the people to experience the same convenience that handicapped individuals do.” After a brief standoff at a bridge over a Salt River Project canal, Auberger led the group back to a parking lot at the Biltmore Hotel where they surrounded a Phoenix Transit Authority bus they believed was to take association spouses back downtown. The bus turned out to be a decoy, and the spouses took a second bus back to the Hyatt. Thiss said the department will not calculate the expense of policing the convention until it is over. “For now, all I can say is the costs are enormous,” he said. Police arrested 26 ADAPT members Sunday for trespassing at Rustler’s Rooste, a southeast Phoenix restaurant where association members were attending a banquet. Those arrested were released later after being given a written citation. One protester, Clarence Miller, whose age and address were unavailable, was arrested for one count of aggravated assault on a police officer, a felony, and booked into Maricopa County Jail. ADAPT’s Auberger said Miller was required to post $1,370 in bail before being released Monday. Auberger, who said Miller is retarded, faulted the arrest.
ADAPT (284)
PHOTO: A young woman in a motorized chair sits with a very determined yet innocent look on her face. Behind her stand three police officers in dark uniforms and elaborate hats. Beside them and behind and to the side of the woman sits an older man with CP in a manual wheelchair. He may be in line behind the woman. Behind him and the officers is a room divider, and a fourth policeman peers out from behind the divider. Title: They got me thinking I don't spend a lot of time thinking about handicappers. Maybe I should, but I don't. I have, however, spent a considerable amount of time riding the bus up Woodward. And on those trips I have on occasion seen people in wheelchairs crawl up the steps of the bus either because the lift didn't work or there was no lift. I remember marveling at one young man with massive arms and a barrel chest who hurled his chair onto the bus like a shot-putter and then hoisted himself up the stairs and into a front seat.
ADAPT (272)
Detroit Free Press 10/9/86 PHOTO by Damon J. Hartley/Detroit Free Press: Two men in wheelchairs sit side by side but facing in opposite directions. One man, in a sports chair, who is dressed mostly in light colored clothes, has a bushy crop of dark hair and a mustache and beard (Bob Kafka). The other, in a more conventional manual chair without armrests, is dressed in dark clothes and has a headband and long hair and beard (Jim Parker). Bob has his inside arm up and his hand on Jim's shoulder. Behind them four uniformed police officers watch. Caption reads: Another Arrest James Parker, left, of El Paso, Tex., is greeted in front of Detroit police headquarters by fellow ADAPT member Bob Kafka, of Austin. Tex., after Parker’s arrest Wednesday on disorderly conduct charges. Thirteen handicapped protesters were released on personal assurance bonds Wednesday. They were among 37 members of the Denver-based group American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation arrested Tuesday. The group is seeking lifts on all buses.
ADAPT (267)
THE PLAIN DEALER, THURSDAY, MAY 22; 1986 page 19-A PHOTO by AP: Four policemen in their fancy police hats are "rolling" a man (Rick James) up a 150 degree (ie. almost vertical) "ramp" into a van. Rick is sitting with his hands up by his chest. His hat is missing and his hair is flying out in all directions. His expression is a mix of amazement, disgust and resignation. Caption reads: Cincinnati policemen push Rick James of Salt Lake City, Utah, up a ramp into a van after he was arrested outside a downtown hotel as part of a demonstration by American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation. Title: Cincy arrests disabled in protest of bus access By BILL SLOAT STAFF writer CINCINNATI — Police arrested l7 disabled people yesterday after they blockaded the entrance to a downtown hotel or chained themselves to the doorway of an adjoining office building that houses Queen City Metro, this city’s public bus service. Eleven of them refused to post bond and were in Hamilton County Justice Center under cash bonds ranging from $1,500 to $3,000. Five were released late yesterday on personal bonds. One pleaded no contest to disorderly conduct and was found guilty. Sixteen were in wheelchairs from polio, paralyzing spinal accidents, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy and amputations. One was blind and walked carrying a white cane. The arrests were made during a non-violent, noon demonstration that challenged lack of access to city buses here and around the nation. Chants of “We will ride" and “Access now” came from about 52 demonstrators outside the Westin Hotel. Some removed footstands from their wheelchairs and banged on metal barricades. Police stood behind the barricades and refused to let the demonstrators into the hotel. All 17 taken to jail said they were members of a national handicapped rights organization called American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation. “This is a civil disobedience action," said Wade Blank, 47, a Presbyterian minister who helped organize yesterday's protest. Blank, who now lives in Denver, was involved in anti-war demonstrations at Kent State University in the 1960s when he lived in Akron. Several of the people loaded onto vans and hauled away to the Hamilton County Justice Center on disorderly conduct charges compared Cincinnati to Selma and Montgomery, two Alabama cities where civil rights activists were jailed by authorities in the 1960s. “The message needs to be sent out that we can’t ride a bus because we're handicapped,” said Glenn Horton, 46, of El Paso, Texas. "It's discrimination it’s segregation and it’s appalling that it could still be happening in this country." Horton said he had been confined to a wheelchair since age 9, when he fell and broke his back. Bill Bolte, 54, of Los Angeles, said handicapped people needed mainline bus service to get to jobs, movies, dates, shopping, banks and anywhere else they might want to go. “We're already in prison," said Bolte, who had polio 51 years ago. “We're going to see that what few rights we have are not going to be taken away. Our rights to public transportation are being deprived, and we will not sit for it." Organizers of the protest said they took to the streets because about 600 executives of public and private transit companies in the eastern United States and Canada were attending a convention in the hotel that ends today. Protesters said the convention should adopt a resolution supporting the installation of wheelchair lifts on all public buses in the nation. Many came from Denver, which has such lifts in use on its bus fleet. The demonstration also came a day after the U.S. Department of Transportation announced in Washington, D.C., a new regulation that allows transit authorities to establish alternative services for the disabled instead of putting lifts on regularly scheduled buses. Demonstrators complained the rule meant that buses, subways and rail lines wouldn't be made accessible to people in wheelchairs. Police Chief Lawrence Whalen said the comparisons with Alabama in the 1960s were unfair when it came to the police. Police in the South during the civil rights era often brutalized protesters. Whalen yesterday said, “Our officers handled themselves very admirably. The group has had their chance to protest and get their point across." He said the police assigned to make arrests had attended special briefings on how to handle disabled people and were instructed to ask the people in custody the best way to lift them into vans. “We wanted to be sensitive to their special needs." Whalen said. Three of those arrested yesterday were out on $3,000 bond after incidents Monday when two climbed aboard city buses, paid fares and refused to leave when ordered off by Queen City Metro officials. The third interfered with a bus. The three, Robert A. Kafka, 40, of Austin, Texas; George Cooper, 58, of Irving, Texas; and Michael W. Auberger, 32, of Denver, were charged yesterday with Criminal trespassing when they chained themselves to the entranceway of Queen City Metro's offices. Police Capt. Dale Menkhaus told his men to use bolt cutters to get them out of the building. Kafka, Cooper and Auberger had been ordered Tuesday not to set foot in Cincinnati by a Municipal judge at the time they posted bond, but another Municipal judge lifted the banning order shortly before yesterday's protests started. Police Chief Lawrence Whalen said 14 others were charged with disorderly conduct for their activities outside the hotel. Bond was set at $3,000 each, a Hamilton County Municipal Court official said. Before the demonstration began, the group gathered in a Newport, Ky., motel for a strategy session on civil disobedience. They agreed not to carry anything but identification with them when they confronted police in downtown Cincinnati and they voted not to post bail. None of the people arrested were from Ohio. The 11 who refused to post bond and were in jail last night are: Bolte; Bob Conrad of Denver; Joe Carle of Denver; Auberger; Horton; Jim Parker of El Paso, Texas; Cooper; George Roberts of Denver; Earnest Taylor of Hartford, Conn.; Lonnie Smith of Denver; Kafka. Kelly Bates of Denver pleaded no contest to disorderly conduct, was found guilty and sentenced to 30 days in jail, which she is to start serving tomorrow. Those released on personal bond are Ken Heard of Denver; George Florman of Colorado Springs, Colo.; Frank Lozano of El Paso, Texas; Rick James of Salt Lake City, Utah; and Arthur Campbell of Louisville, Ky.
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The Cincinnati Enquirer Monday, May 19, 1986 Comment/A-7 PHOTO by Jim Callaway/The Cincinnati Enquirer: Three protesters in wheelchairs form a diagonal line across the picture. On the right in the foreground a heavy set man (Jerry Eubanks) sits in his manual wheelchair, a cab of soda in his right hand. He is a double amputee below the hips, and is wearing a look of concentration, and appears to be chanting. His right hand is resting on the back of a motorized wheelchair to his right. In that chair is a slim man (Greg Buchanan) who is wearing a very large sign across his legs that reads "A Part of NOT Apartheid." (The message is a bit obscured by the curve of the sign around his legs.) He is also wearing a light colored ADAPT T-shirt. To Greg's right and a bit further away and behind is a third man in a chair, a slim man with dark hair and a beard (John Short). He also has a sign on his legs but the quality of the picture makes it unreadable. Caption reads: Members of ADAPT picket in front ol the Westin Hotel Sunday afternoon. Gary Eubanks of Chicago, right, Greg Buchanan of Colorado Springs and John Short of Denver were among them. Title: Protesters converge on city Disabled demand full access to public transportation BY KAREN ROEBUCK The Cincinnati Enquirer Former Cincinnatian Mike Auberger said he left the city because of its lack of accessibility to the handicapped and because "the mentality toward people with disabilities is really 19th century at best." Auberger, who now lives in Denver, is one of about 75 members of ADAPT (American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit) in Cincinnati Sunday through Wednesday demanding full accessibility to public transportation systems for the handicapped. But the approximately 50 members of ADAPT demonstrating in front of the Westin Hotel, where the American Public Transit Association (APTA) is holding its regional convention, were denied access to the hotel Sunday. "The only people they're stopping are people in a wheelchair; that's blatantly discriminatory," said Bob Kafka, of Austin, Texas and ADAPT community organizer. Cincinnati Police Capt. Dale Menkhaus, Operational Support, said public easements can be barricaded to any group that might disrupt the hotel, which is private property. ADAPT members publicly stated they would try to disrupt the conference and have attempted to do so at other APTA conferences, police and Westin officials said. The hotel's first priority is to its guests, in this case the APTA, said Larry Alexander, general manager of the Westin. The ADAPT group blocked entrances and exits to the hotel for a short time Sunday, and rode their wheelchairs in downtown streets, somewhat disrupting traffic to the Reds-Pirates game, Menkhaus said, but did not cause any major problems. Armed with signs, T-shirts and badges, the group chanted slogans expressing their desire to ride public transportation systems. Some of the signs read, "Buses won't roll without us," and "We have a dream. . . We will ride." Kafka said ADAPT members will most likely try to stop some Queen City Metro buses. In other cities, members have sometimes chained themselves to the vehicles. Murray Bond, assistant general manager of Queen City Metro, said if ADAPT members try to stop the buses, the drivers will put the vehicles into park and let the police move the demonstrators. Menkhaus said ADAPT members will be arrested if they break the law. Despite the barricades, ADAPT members also will try to get into the convention, Kafka said, to get a resolution requiring full accessibility for the handicapped onto the convention floor. Albert Engelken, deputy executive director of APTA, said the executive committee and board of directors have discussed voting on such a resolution, but decided that decision should be made at the local level. Every system in the country has some way of transporting the handicapped, he said, which was decided upon with the advice of local agencies for the handicapped. About 30% of the systems nationwide are fully accessible, he said. Queen City Metro has an access program which will pick up handicapped people at their homes and take them where they need to go in Cincinnati, Elmwood Place, St. Bernard and Norwood, Bond said. "We understand their goals of total accessibility. It's certainly a laudable one, but also a very expensive one." The customer pays 60 cents for a ride, but it costs Queen City Metro about $10, he said. A ride must be scheduled 24 hours in advance under the Queen City's rules, but space is not always available, said Dixie Harmon, co-chairperson of the Specialized Transportation Advisory Committee to Queen City Metro and a member of Greater Cincinnati Coalition of Persons with Disabilities. "They dictate our lives to us, because we have to go and come as there's space available," she said. Kafka said ADAPT does not expect public systems to make all their buses wheelchair accessible, only all new buses. In about 20 years, the entire system could then be used by the handicapped, he estimated, pointing out that Queen City now owns 87 buses with wheelchair lifts, but the lifts have been locked down. Bond said those buses were bought with federal money at a time when wheelchair accessibility was required for any purchased with federal funds, and would be too costly to operate. The Greater Cincinnati coalition supports the goals of ADAPT, Harmon said, but chooses to negotiate for changes instead of demonstration.
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The Cincinnati Post Thursday May 22, 1986 1B [This article continues in ADAPT 251, but the entire text is included here for easier reading.] PHOTO by Patrick Reddy/The Cincinnati Post: A lone man in a wheelchair (Glenn Horton) sits in front of a metal police barricade. He wears his pale ADAPT T-shirt with the ADAPT no steps logo imprinted in black on the front. He looks casual but determined, with one foot resting higher on his chair than the other, and his hands folded in his lap. Behind him is cavernous black, some kind of entrance. And around him stand four police officers dressed in dark colors, with light colored hats with eye shades. Each officer is looking determinedly in a different direction. Caption reads: Four police officers look on as Glenn Horton of El Paso, Texas, waits for a van to take him to the Hamilton County Jail after he was arrested at a protest at the Westin Hotel. Horton was among 17 disabled protesters arrested Wednesday. Title: Protesters ready for long jail stay Post staff report Comparing Cincinnati to Selma, Ala., in the 1960s, 11 members of a handicapped activist group are vowing to stay in jail to end alleged discrimination against the handicapped. Of 17 disabled protesters arrested Wednesday, 14 were charged with disorderly conduct for blocking the Westin Hotel entrance. Three were charged with criminal trespassing after chaining themselves to the front doors of Queen City Metro’s offices at 6 E. Fourth St., downtown. Scheduled court dates ranged from May 28 through June 2, so some of the protesters could be in jail for as long as 12 days. Demonstrating against lack of access to Queen City Metro buses, members of Americans Disabled tor Accessible Public Transportation have timed protests this week to coincide with an American Public Transit Association conference at the Westin. The five-day conference ended Wednesday night. “This (Cincinnati) is the Selma, Ala., of the disabled civil rights movement,” said the Rev. Wade Blank of Denver, a founder of ADAPT. “People from all over the country have been calling to say they are willing to get arrested. This has not happened in many cities.” Access Service, Queen City's alternative transit system for the elderly and handicapped, is inadequate and overloaded, ADAPT members say. “We are committed and the people who got involved in this knew it would be more than an overnight stay in jail," said Stephanie Thomas, an ADAPT organizer. “We will not post bond for them." The 11 jailed ADAPT members have been separated from the rest of the prison population and have a full-time employee watching over them at the Hamilton County Justice Center, said Victor Carrelli, Hamilton County chief deputy sheriff. Hamilton County Municipal Judge David Albanese held a special two-hour hearing Wednesday for the 17 under judicial orders covering mass arrests or civil disobedience cases. Those charged with crimi nal trespassing were Michael W. Auberger, 32, of Denver, Colo.; George Cooper Jr., 58, of Irving, Texas, and Robert Kafka, 40, of Austin, Texas. Albanese set bond for the three, who pleaded not guilty, at $3000 cash and "banned them from the city if they chose to post bond. They did not. Kelli Bates, 21, of Denver, the only woman arrested, was the only ADAPT member to plead no contest to a disorderly conduct charge against her. Albanese found her guilty and sentenced her to 30 days in jail if she has not left the city by Friday or enters the city before Friday. Lonnie Smith, 30, of Denver, charged with resisting arrest and disorderly conduct, pleaded not guilty. Albanese set a $2500 10-percent bond for the resisting charge and a $1500 10-percent bond for the disorderly conduct charge. Those pleading not guilty to charges of disorderly conduct and placed on a $1500 10 percent cash bond were Ernest Taylor, 31, of Hartford, Conn.; William Bolte, 54, of’ Los Angeles; Glenn Horton, 46, of El Paso, Texas; Joseph Carl, 47, of Denver, and James Parker, 40, of E1 Paso. Those pleading not guilty to charges of disorderly conduct and given higher bonds because of prior records were Robert Conrad, 32, of Denver, on a $2000 10-percent cash bond and George Roberts, 37, of Denver on a $3000 10-percent cash bond. Those pleading not guilty to charges of disorderly conduct and released on a $1500 unsecured bond because of medical problems were Arthur Campbell, 39," of Louisville; Kenneth Heart, 36, of Denver; Efrain Lozazno, 35, of El Paso; George Florom, 43, of Colorado Springs, Col; and Rick James, 36, of Salt Lake City. In all cases where bond could be posted, Albanese warned the people not to return to Cincinnati except for court appearances or meetings with their attorneys. Prosecutor Charles A. Rubenstein in many of the cases protested Albanese’s decision to allow the prisoners to be released on bonds. “There is a great likelihood if they are released on bond they would create "further problems and turn this court into a revolving door,” he said. However, James Nicholas of the public defenders office, who was appointed to aid the group's privately hired legal counsel, said "the group would cause no further problems. “The reason that they came, here is finished. They have no reason to remain." After the hearings were finished, Nicholas said most members of the group had vowed to remain in jail.
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2A The Cincinnati Post, Monday, May 19, 1986 PHOTO by Lawrence A. Lambert/The Cincinnati Post: Shot from the back, the picture shows a long line of people in wheelchairs, little in the distance, across the bottom of the shot. They are marching across the end of the bridge from Kentucky into Cincinnati, OH. In the background the large solid buildings of downtown Cincinnati form almost a protective wall, and their little windows peer out. At the end of the bridge in the bottom right side of the shot, two officers stand facing the marchers. Caption reads: Handicapped protest: Some of the 85 visiting members of ADAPT, a national group protesting inaccessibility of city buses to the handicapped, wheel their way to the Westin Hotel Sunday to demonstrate at the start of a convention of the American Public Transit Association. There were no arrests Sunday, but some protesters have vowed to disrupt Queen City Metro service this week by chaining themselves to buses. Story on Page 1B.
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Rocky Mountain News 9/5/81 Denver, CO Handicapped buoyed by judge's ruling By JANE HULSE, News Staff A Denver judge Friday dismissed charges against 20 able-bodied protesters who invaded the Denver mayor's office last spring because 23 other protesters in wheelchairs had not been ticketed. That, said County Judge Edward A. Simons, is reverse discrimination. The unusual ruling by Simons was hailed by the handicapped community as a "significant” victory. The ruling stemmed from a protest May 15 in the office of Mayor William H. McNichols Jr. concerning budget cuts that would affect handicapped residents. The demonstrators were ordered to leave the building at 5 p.m. after McNichols refused to meet with the group about the cuts in the city’s health-care systems budgets. When the group refused to leave, those in wheelchairs were not ticketed, but the able-bodied protesters were charged with interference —- a misdemeanor carrying a maximum penalty of 90 days in jail or a $300 fine. None was taken to jail and booked. The attorney for the protesters, John Holland, argued that his clients were entitled to equal protection under the law and that the law shouldn’t be enforced selectively against one group. “It takes a message to the mayor that he can’t insult the disabled community by ignoring them," said Wade Blank, a spokesman for the disabled. “The disabled are telling me that next time (they meet with McNichols) he will have to treat them differently.” He said the ruling will cause the handicapped people to become even more outspoken and demonstrative about fighting for their rights. Knowing they would be subjected to jail at demonstrations doesn't frighten them, he said, noting that the jail has wheelchair access. Blank said the city’s decision to ticket only those demonstrators who were not in wheelchairs had the effect of making the handicapped feel as if they weren't being recognized as people. “It made them feel like second-class citizens he said. He said the handicapped demonstrators knew they were breaking the law by refusing to leave and “they were willing to pay the price.” According to the ruling, the city decided not to ticket the handicapped for fear that some weren't able to remove themselves from the office or didn’t understand the orders to leave. But Simons noted that “the time and resources were available to make those determinations." The judge also stated, “The fact that none of the disabled persons were charged in spite of their active resistance to leaving renders the city's evidence insufficient to overcome the inescapable conclusion that the defendants have been denied equal protection of the laws.”