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RENO GAZETTE-JOURNAL Monday APRIL 10, 1989 [Headline] 49 disabled protesters arrested in Sparks Photo by Cralg Sallor/Gazette-Journal: Two men in wheelchairs are being arrested by police in the middle of the street. The man on the left, Bob Kafka, is being bent forward in his chair and being handcuffed behind his back. Across his legs he has a poster but it is not readable from this copy. The man on the left, Bill Bolte, is sitting up hold a sign about Rights in front of his chest. The policeman is standing beside him bending forward to do something to his chair it seems. caption reads: CONFRONTATION: Sparks police arrested Bob Kafka, left, of Austin, Texas, and Bill Bolte of Los Angeles. Text box has the quote: 'My rights are worth fighting for.’ Bill Bolte/demonstrator [Headline] Public transit meeting draws demands for accessibility By Darcy De Leon/Gazelle-Journal Sparks police arrested 49 disabled protesters demanding accessibility to public buses during a protest Sunday aimed at national transit officials meeting at John Ascuaga's Nugget. About 75 wheelchair-bound members of Denver-based American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation (ADAPT) rushed two entrances of the hotel—casino about 3:15 p.m., but Nugget security officers and police inside blocked the doorways. ADAPT activists chanting, “Access is a civil right,” struggled to open the doors an confront officials with the American Public Transit Association (APTA) attending a five-day convention through Wednesday. Bob Kafka of Austin, Texas, and Bill Bolte, a Los Angeles resident, were the first protesters to he arrested. "My rights are worth fighting for," said Bolte, 57. “APTA is discriminating against us," said Kafka, who has used a wheelchair since breaking his neck in a car accident at the age of 26. "We feel that APTA is to the disabled what the KKK is to the black community.“ At the height of the protest police dragged away three demonstrators lying in the casino entrance. No injuries were reported, police said. Sparks police Lt. Tony Zamboni said that as of late Sunday night, five of the 49 demonstrators arrested had been transferred to the Washoe County jail, after their arraignment in Sparks Municipal Court. They were being held in lieu of $1,025 bond for investigation of obstructing traffic, obstructing a police officer an blocking a fire exit, Zamboni said. Arraignments continued Sunday night for the remaining protesters. Disabled residents from Reno and 30 other cities throughout the country joined in the protest of an expected appeal of a federal court order that requires all public bus systems to be equipped for wheelchairs. ADAPT filed a lawsuit asking for the decision last year. The 3rd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Philadelphia ruled in favor of the group in February. Demonstrators Sunday hoped to persuade the transit officials to work against the appeal, expected to be made by the U.S. Department of Transportation today. APTA spokesman Albert Engelken said the group's protests are “compelling and heart-rending." But he said APTA cannot afford a national mandate for the lifts, which cost $15,000 to install and even more to maintain. Engelken also cited low usage of the buses and suggested the lift requirement be a local option instead of a state mandate. “We're for accessible transportation for the disabled, and we do have it, but the local transit systems and the local disabled communities should decide what is needed because they know what's best." Reno’s Citifare would not be affected by the decision because transit officials already have made a commitment toward a 100 percent wheelchair-equipped bus system, said Bill Derrick, planning manager for the Regional Transportation Commission. All Citifare buses bought since 1984 are wheelchair-equipped, he said, and all non-equipped buses will be replaced by 1996. Mike Auberger, ADAPT founder and protest organizer, said the group has staged at least 14 demonstrations at APTA conferences during the last seven years throughout the United States and Canada. Auberger, 33, of Denver, who has been confined to a wheelchair since a bobsled accident 17 years ago, said demonstrators will follow APTA convention-goers for as long as it takes. “We’re not fighting Reno or any other city. We're fighting APTA,” he said. “We will go to jail, we'll get arrested, but so what — it's a misdemeanor. We'll do it again." Citifare accommodates the disabled more than some other cities, said Reno resident Dottie Spinnetta, 51, who suffers from muscular dystrophy and rides the buses five days a week. But RTC could improve the system by offering additional wheelchair space on the buses and bus pickups every 30 minutes instead of every hour. “I should be able to get around as everyone else can and not have to ask,” she said. “That’s what everybody wants — to be independent." The only drawbacks of using Citifare for John Civitello, 21, is that he has to get up at 4 a.m. to catch a 6 a.m. bus that takes him to his job with American Handicapped Workers. He then waits outside the office another hour until his workday begins at 8 a.m. PHOTO by Joanne Haskin: Two policemen are standing one behind the other, facing a third and behind him is a fourth officer who is using what looks like a video camera. All the police wear hats and are looking down. From their midst, the wild head of Arthur Campbell sticks out, his long white hair flying in different directions, a strange grin on his face and his intense eyebrows above his dark eyes. The police seem to be cradling him, and look down at him. Caption reads: Protest scuffle—Sparks police detain one of the ADAPT protesters that blocked the entrance to John Ascuaga's Nugget during a demonstration Sunday afternoon. Sparks police made a total of 49 arrests during the protest.
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This article is continued in photo 451, but the text of the entire article is included here for ease of reading. The Handicapped Coloradan May 1989 VOL. 11, NO. 11 Boxed text in masthead: If you use a wheelchair and ever tried — or wanted -- to board an accessible bus in Detroit between Nov. 10, 1984, and the present, you owe it to yourself to read Justin Ravitz‘s story on p. 3. Photo: Man, in a dark suit standing against a white background with his hands in his pockets. He has dark hair and large eye glasses, a firm thoughtful look on his face. Caption reads: Mayor Pena tells UMTA officials they have a “moral obligation" to put lifts on buses. [Headline] Court grants transit rehearing In the wake of an often ugly battle with police, hotel security guards and the courts in Reno, wheelchair activists are heading for Philadelphia where the U.S. Court of Appeals has agreed to vacate its Feb. 13 decision to require all new buses purchased with federal funds to be equipped with wheelchair lifts. The case will now be heard by the entire 13-member court rather than the three judges who originally handed down the decision on a 2-l vote. The rehearing was requested by the Department of Transportation and the Department of Justice. Six disabled leaders had met with President Bush in an attempt to persuade him to call off the appeal. Bush didn't give them an answer at the time, said Wade Blank, one of the founders of the radical American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit (ADAPT), "but it's obvious the President has no intention of taking our side." So when the court convenes at 10 a.m. May 15, scores of wheelchair demonstrators will be outside chanting, "We will ride," the battle-cry of the six-year old movement. At press time, demonstrators were planning on arriving in Philadelphia on May 12 and demonstrating in front of the Justice Department there, up to but not including being arrested. "That will come later," Blank said. On Saturday, demonstrators are expected to attempt to board city buses, crawling onto them if necessary, and to otherwise disrupt service until Philadelphia transit officials sign an agreement promising to provide accessible service. Then on Sunday, the day before court opens, demonstrators will don Revolutionary War uniforms and march from Independence Hall to the federal courthouse, led by fife and drum. The movement is at a crossroads, Blank said, pointing out that many of his fellow activists are afraid that the court will reverse its pro-accessibility vote when its decision is made known, 30 to 90 days from now. Many of those activists are reluctant to appeal the decision to the U.S. Supreme Court if they lose in the Court of Appeals, arguing that the high court has a conservative majority, “We might have to wait 20 years before we get a liberal court," Blank said. "Better we find out where we stand with the court right now and then decide on a course of action." ADAPT has had plenty of experience with conservative judges in recent weeks, according to Blank, who said he broke down and cried at the treatment wheelchair defendants received in the Sparks courtroom of judge Don Gladstone. Gladstone told demonstrators that their mass arrests had "tarnished" their cause and suggested that the group needed "new leadership." Blank said Gladstone's courtroom was a zoo. "He locked the doors and screamed at us." Gladstone wasn't the only person in Reno and Sparks who was upset with ADAPT, which was there to protest at a regional meeting of the American Public Transit Association (APTA) as they have done in 16 other cities over the latter group's refusal to endorse mandatory accessibility for all transit systems in the country. The police weren’t very happy, either. Some 72 demonstrators were arrested during the 5-day-long protest, with about half of that number going to jail. City officials estimated that the protest cost local taxpayers at least $116,000. Police estimated their costs of controlling the group at $79,275, while the sheriff's department, which runs the Washoe County jail, placed its costs at about $34,164. Gladstone said municipal court costs will run about $3,000. But it wasn't just the money that bothered city and county officials. "While (the police) are out there handling these individuals and you cal 911, the response times change dramatically,” said Sparks Municipal Court judge Andy Cray. Police Lt. Tony Zamboni said, "We understand these people have certain rights, but they also don't have the right to obstruct other citizens." Sheriff Vince Swinney agreed with Zamboni and also seemed a bit miffed that the media were playing up the plight of the demonstrators. "Somebody should realize this is what these people want to do," he said. "if they were treated like royalty, they wouldn't be happy. And the media is playing it up 100 percent. I really think that we who have been here and will continue to be here deserve some credibility." ADAPT organizer Mike Auberger, 34, of Denver, said that the Washoe County jail was not prepared to deal with housing 30 disabled prisoners, although sheriffs department officials disagreed, saying that extra doctors and nurses were on duty. Twenty-two of the jailed demonstrators staged a hunger strike, including one woman who was warned by a doctor that she would ultimately go into seizures if she participated in the fast. Another demonstrator, Diane Coleman, an attorney from Los Angeles, was taken from the jail at 3 a.m. Tuesday morning when she started vomiting. Coleman was taken to the Washoe Medical Center where she was given liquids intravenously for dehydration. Headline for part 2 of article: Reno protest turns ugly as judge lectures ADAPT ”Get new leaders. ” Blank said that three or four demonstrators had to be hospitalized when they returned home because of inadequate care received at the jail. For example, Auberger was not allowed to empty his leg bag and he went into hyper reflex, according to Blank. “His blood pressure shot up to 300 and nearly blew his head off," Blank said. Unable to place a call to fellow ADAPT members in Sparks, Auberger was forced to call his parents in Indiana to see about getting help. Ultimately, Auberger had to bail himself out of jail in order to get medical treatment. “That's when the police began telling other jailed demonstrators that their leaders were bailing out on them," Blank said. Demonstrators also complained that the police in Reno and Sparks were rougher than the ones they had dealt with in other cities, pointing out that more of them were actually handcuffed than was usually the case. Most of the demonstrations took place outside the Nugget Casino and Hotel, which was serving as APTA's convention headquarters. Some 700 delegates were staying there. Demonstrators attempted to block all the entrances to the hotel to show APTA delegates what it is like not to have access to public institutions, buildings and buses. One demonstrator, Beverly Furnice, said her knee was broken when a Nugget security guard hit her leg as she was wheeling up to the door on the southeast side of the hotel. Nugget spokesperson Parley Johnson said he was sorry to hear about Furnice. “We made every possible effort to ensure the safety of all involved," he said. "However, if we have someone trying to get in, and we're trying to get the doors closed, what can I say? The person (trying to get in) is contributing to the problem. "We could not allow the group to come in and disrupt our business and cause problems with our customers. And we have every right to do this." Judge Gladstone several times commented on how well the hotel staff and police handled the situation. “He's just a front man for the casinos," Blank commented. On the other hand, demonstrators had nothing but praise for Reno's Citifare public transit system, which has already made a commitment toward a 100 percent lift-equipped bus system. All Citifare buses bought since 1984 have lifts, and the system expects its nonaccessible buses to be phased out by 1996. "We're not fighting Reno or any other city," Auberger said. “We're fighting APTA." Less than three weeks later, demonstrators were doing just that again, this time in Denver, where ADAPT was founded in 1983, Some 30 demonstrators were arrested as they protested outside the Radisson Hotel, where the Urban Mass Transit Association (UMTA) was holding a national transportation conference. The next day, April 25, 40 demonstrators, 30 of them in wheelchairs, were forcibly removed from the Federal Building at 9th and Stout by federal officers. Demonstrators were protesting word that the Department of Transportation, of which UMTA is part, had decided to appeal the Court of Appeals decision. "We are tried of winning lawsuits and never getting them implemented," said protester Maureen O'Rourke. UMTA‘s Alfred A. DelliBovi disagreed with the original court decision, saying his agency supports letting each transit provider decide how to handle disabled riders. Earlier Mayor Federico Pena met with ADAPT and reiterated his strong support for their goals, a statement he repeated when he met later with UMTA officials. Pena was responsible for forcing APTA officials to allow ADAPT to address its national convention in Denver in 1983. That is the only time ADAPT members have been allowed inside an APTA convention.
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PHOTO by Patrick Forden/Gazette Journal; The photo is looking up at Mike Auberger in a non-ADAPT T-shirt and jeans, with a short beard and mustache, hands on his hips. His chair is somewhat visible and his left leg elevated. He is sitting in the doorway of a fancy Casino with a Nugget Casino sign over the door. Caption reads: ORGANIZER: Mike Auberger of Denver says his cause is worth going to jail for. TITLE: Disabled group plans protest at transit meeting in Sparks By Susan Voyles/Gazette-Journal Up to 150 wheelchair-bound people are expected to protest outside John Ascuaga’s Nugget beginning Sunday, and Sparks police say they are ready. The protest is being staged by a national group called The American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit, and its target is the western regional meeting of the American Public Transit Association. As many as 700 people representing public bus systems, including many that don’t have buses with lifts to handle wheelchairs, are expected to attend. In protests at 16 other cities in recent years, disabled protesters have held marches, crawled onto or chained themselves to buses, and barricaded hotels where the public transit association held its meetings. “We try to make their conventions as inaccessible to them as they have made transportation to disabled people ” said protest organizer Mike Auberger of Denver. “They can’t just come and have fun." Auberger, 34, said he met earlier this week with representatives of Sparks police, the Washoe County Sheriff’s Department and Nugget security. He was handed a 32-page list of possible violations, including felonious assault, that his group could be charged with. “From what I heard, the police department’s tactic is going to be to intimidate,” Auberger said. “I wouldn’t be surprised to see the police on Sunday in riot gear.” Auberger, who arrived in town Monday to prepare for the protests, said he expects about 150 handicapped people from around the country to show up. Auberger said he met with members of the Sparks and Reno police, the Washoe County Sheriff’s Department and court marshals Tuesday. “It’s definitely threatening but I think the people coming in here are well aware of what could happen to them,” Auberger said. Already Auberger has had a confrontation, albeit a friendly one, with Nugget security and Sparks police. Monday when Auberger was casing the outside of the Nugget, with video camera in hand, a security guard and a police officer approached him and knew him by name, he said. “It gave me a real feeling for how the police are going to respond and how the casino security will respond," Auberger said. “It was like the casino burped and the police said ‘Excuse me,’ and that’s not normal." Auberger said his group has yet to begin drawing up strategy on how it will carry out its demonstration. However, Auberger predicted his group won’t be happy with being confined to B Street. “(The location) is very visible to traffic on B Street but it won’t be visible to APTA members,” Auberger said. “The spot is perfect if your issue is with the public or if it's directed at the Nugget." Auberger said his group is not violent although it is confrontational. Zamboni showed the press a 10-minute video tape of an ADAPT demonstration held in San Francisco Sept. 28, 1987. The video tape showed demonstrators blocking a SAMTRANS bus and tying their wheelchairs to the vehicle's wheelspokes and sitting on the Powell Street cable-car tum-around. It also showed police handcuffing protestors to their wheelchairs and the protestors chanting "We want to ride,” and "We want access."
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The Daily Sparks Tribune Friday, April 14, 1989 [Headline] Last of protestors freed from jail The last of the handicapped demonstrators were released from jail Thursday night and both sides of the five-day confrontation said they accomplished everything they set out to do. Municipal Court Judge Don Gladstone said he is pleased with the Sparks Police Department's and the court's performance during the confrontation in which members of American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation (ADAPT) were arrested 72 times for acts of civil disobedience on B Street. The Colorado-based ADAPT came to town to protest a convention held by the American Public Transit Association (APTA) held at the Nugget earlier this week. APTA represents public transit authorities across the country and it is against the federal government forcing those authorities to install wheelchair lifts on all their buses. ADAPT co-founder Mike Auberger said his group accomplished what it wanted to do in Sparks -— make life difficult for APTA conventioneers and raise public awareness for handicapped issues. “Like I said before we even came here, not everybody is going to like what we do but when we leave everybody will have an opinion,” Auberger said. “I can change opinions but creating opinions is the hardest thing to do. "Most people are so busy in their own lives that they don't have time to be very creative and to make that happen." Thursday night Judge Gladstone released the remaining 30 ADAPT members who were serving jail time for such things as blocking fire exits at the Nugget and for obstructing police officers. Their fines ranged from $10 to $600. Wednesday afternoon, the city attorney’s office worked out an agreement with the group's attorney to allow the protesters to leave jail if they paid $100 towards their fines and agreed to pay the remainder after they go home. The protestors also had the option of staying in jail and working off their fines at $25 a day. Thursday night, however, Gladstone dropped the minimum payment to $50 and lectured the protesters. “I told them they need to review their leadership," Gladstone said in an interview this morning. "Society changes. Methods used in the past to get a message across aren't necessarily valid today.” Gladstone said the Sparks Police Department did a good job of handling the demonstrators after they were arrested. The court also made the point that “regardless of your race, color or creed you are held accountable in Sparks for your crimes." “I think the city and the jail facility will be a model to the country for the reasoned handling of a major demonstration by a group that required extraordinary medical care," Gladstone said. Auberger agreed that Sparks Police treated the protestors with care. “I believe they worked very hard at trying not to harm anyone," Auberger said. “There was a real intent on their part to be as professional as possible." However, Auberger said he believes the police over reacted and arrested the protestors for petty things. “I suppose that’s because you need a strong police force to keep the gambling in control," Auberger said. “But that (show of force) gets carried out into a lot of situations that have nothing to do with casinos. "Unfortunately, that relays to tourists the image of a really heavy hand." Auberger also accused the Nugget security force of reacting violently to the demonstrators. One protester suffered a broken knee when a casino security guard pushed a door against her knee. “If we had been in Reno, it would've been a different set of circumstances," Auberger said. “We would've been dealing with corporations instead of an individual (John Ascuaga). “(The Reno casinos) have a corporate image to protect. l think they would be less likely to do the kinds of things (the Nugget) did."
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The Daily Sparks Tribune Tuesday April 11, 1989 Photo 1 by Ken Johnston: Man (Bill Bolte) in a wheelchair, wearing glasses, bent forward, almost lying in his lap. He is holding up a sign that is only partially readable, "Give me a lift -- Not [the shaft]." Photo 2: A policeman in a cap and mirror sunglasses pushes a woman in a motorized wheelchair (Kim Horton) away from a glassy doorway. Kim is wearing the black ADAPT shirt with the access logo. Caption reads: Proving a point——-Bill Bolte of Los Angeles (above photo 1) got his message across Monday at John Ascuaga’s Nugget during the second day of protests aimed at the American Public Transit Association. Bolte said he will be out protesting again today. Kimberly Horton (below, photo 2) gets taken away after her arrest by Sparks police for blocking the entrance to the Sparks casino. The ADAPT handicapped rights group vows to continue picketing until the transit association's convention ends Wednesday. [Headline] 25 arrested on second day of demonstrations [Subheading] Protesters straining nerves, budgets By Faith Bremner Tribune Staff The handicapped protests in downtown Sparks are costing local residents time and money. Time in the sense that police officers who would otherwise be helping local citizens are spending their time keeping the peace on B Street. Money in the sense that the police and the court are working overtime just to keep up with the 100 or so demonstrators who are protesting the American Public Transportation Association's (APTA) convention at the Nugget this week. “ While (the Sparks Police) are out there handling these individuals and if you call 911, the response times change dramatically," Sparks Municipal Court Judge Andy Cray said. The demonstrators come from all over the country and are members of the Denver, Colo. based American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation (ADAPT). They are demonstrating against APTA because that organization opposes the federal government forcing public transit authorities to install wheelchair lifts on all buses purchased with federal funds. APTA represents public transit authorities around the United States and Canada. In two days of protests, Sparks Police have arrested 72 demonstrators, mostly on charges of blocking fire access to the Nugget, obstructing police officers and assault and battery, Cray said. Most of those arrested Sunday, the first day of the protest, were given warnings and had their fines suspended, Cray said. Those who were rearrested Monday were given three day jail terms and fines ranging from $200 to $500, he said. The arrested were brought into court directly from B Street and checked out by two nurses, then arraigned and transported to jail via a special lift-equipped van, Cray said. The two judges worked until midnight both nights, Cray said, just to handle the crowd. Likewise the sheriff and the police department are working their crews overtime. The Sparks Police have canceled all days off and vacations and during the demonstrations called in all available officers Lt. Tony Zamboni said. "Everybody's tired and we've put in some long hours but morale is still relatively high," Zamboni said. Likewise, the Nugget is working its security guards overtime, spokesman Parley Johnson said. “I think it's hurting us a little bit but you have to feel sorry for these people,"Johnson said. “It's a tough situation. There but for the grace of God go I.” It has been business as usual at the Nugget, Johnson said, and few customers have been inconvenienced. “Most of our customers didn't realize what was going on," Johnson said. Meanwhile, ADAPT co-founder Mike Auberger complained that the Washoe County Consolidated Jail is unprepared to house the handicapped prisoners. As of this morning about 30 protesters were still in jail, Auberger said. Auberger, a quadriplegic, was arrested Sunday and posted bail and was released late Monday night. "There were only three people handling 30 people's medical needs and helping them to transfer from their chairs to the beds or the bathroom, the litany of what it takes for a disabled person to survive," Auberger said. “Most of the nurses and staff at the jail clearly had never dealt with disabled people. They had no idea what you were asking for." But Sheriff Vince Swinney denied that the jail is unprepared to handle the handicapped. “Somebody should realize this is what these people want to do," Swinney said of the group that has staged numerous similar demonstrations around the country. “If they were treated like royalty, they wouldn't be happy. And the media is playing it up 100 percent. I really think that we who have been here and will continue to be here deserve some credibility.“
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Reno Gazette-Journal 5-2-89 Nevada [Headline] Handicapped protest expenses: $116,000 Last month's disturbances by handicapped activists at John Ascuaga’s Nugget and other locations in Sparks cost taxpayers at least $116,000, according to preliminary figures reported Monday. The estimates are from the Sparks Police Department, the Washoe County Sheriff's Office and Sparks - Municipal Court. About 75 members of the American Disabled for Accessible Public Transportation demonstrated outside the Nugget, where the American Public Transit Association was holding its Western regional meeting. The members of the Denver, Colo.-based group picketed to support their demands for more wheelchair ramps on public transportation. There were 72 arrest during nearly a week of protests. About half that number went to jail. Sparks police estimated their expenses in controlling the group at $79,275. The sheriff's Department, which runs the consolidated city-county jail, placed its costs at $34,164. Municipal Court Judge Donald Gladstone expects his costs will run about $3,000. Sparks City Manager Pat Thompson says the expenses can be paid out of contingency funds.
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The Dally Sparks Tribune Monday, April 10, 1989 - Vol. 77, No. 236 © 1989 Sparks Tribune Co. 25 cents [Headline] Protesters, police clash at Nugget One demonstrator hurt; 7 in jail begin a hunger strike By Steve Timko - Tribune Staff Seven handicapped-rights advocates sent to the Washoe County jail Sunday night by Sparks Municipal Court Judge Don Gladstone are staging a hunger strike until they are free from jail. And one member of American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit (ADAPT) that protested at John Ascuaga's Nugget Sunday said her knee was broken when a Nugget security officer accidentally hit her leg with a door. Approximately 75 ADAPT members paraded down B Street and converged on the Nugget to protest the American Public Transit Association (APTA) meeting that is continuing through Sunday. The transit association opposes installation of wheelchair lifts on new public buses and the disabled group sought a meeting with its leaders inside the casino to discuss the issue. Nugget employees stood inside the casino doors, refusing to allow access to the ADAPT members. In response, the ADAPT members, most of them in wheelchairs, blocked the entrances to the hotel casino. Meeting organizers said they would meet at 1 p.m. today at Western Village Casino to consider what form of protest, if any, the group should stage today. "We‘ll definitely be taking an action, but we'll be discussing what we're going to do," organizer Stephanie Thomas said. Forty-nine people were arrested Sunday and seven were sent to jail. ADAPT leaders said this morning at the Washoe County jail that the seven being held were staging a hunger strike. Five of the seven pleaded not guilty to misdemeanor charges during their arraignment Sunday night in Sparks Municipal Court for refusing to give information that would allow them to be released on their own recognizance. They have trials set for next Monday. One was cited for contempt of court by Gladstone and sentenced to two days in jail and another was sent to jail until he pays his fine. ADAPT member Beverly Furnice, a cerebral palsy victim, said this morning she is finished protesting after her knee was broken Sunday. Furnice was in her wheelchair near the southeast door on the 11th Street side of the building when a security officer hit her leg, she said. She knew immediately it was broken, Furnice said. “It hurt. I hollered, ‘It hurt my leg. It hurt my leg,'" Furnice said. She went to Sparks Family Hospital where they bandaged her leg, she said. "l'm sorry to hear that," Nugget spokesman Parley Johnson said. “We made every possible effort to ensure the safety of all involved," Johnson said. “However, if we have someone trying to get in, ...and we're trying to get the doors closed, what can I say? The person (trying to get in) is contributing to the problem. "We could not allow the group to come in and disrupt our business and cause problems with our customers," the Nugget spokesman said. “And we have every right to do this." ADAPT protesters are staying at Western Village and took their protest down B Street to the Nugget about 3 p.m. Sparks police made some preliminary arrests and by 5 p.m. all of the ADAPT protesters had moved away from the casino doors. But then at 5:07 p.m.,a phalanx of about a dozen in wheelchairs charged down Nugget Avenue between interstate 80 and the Nugget parking lot and the doors were again barricaded. Just about every Nugget entrance seemed to be blocked at one point or another. ADAPT protester Harlan Hahn of Santa Monica,Calif., was talking to a reporter when Pam Fyock of San Luis Obispo, Calif., who is also confined to a wheelchair, scolded him and other protestors as she left the Nugget. “Just arrest them and haul their ass off," Fyock said of protesters. “They're inconveniencing all of us." After Fyock's comments, however, a transportation association member from Denver said he supported the protestors in their efforts to require more handicapped access to public transportation. “Based on my experience. we don't have problems providing access to the handicapped," said Kevin Sampson of the Denver Regional Transportation Department. “In Chicago, they have hardly any (handicapped access). In Denver, we have almost 600. What the hell is wrong with Chicago?" Sampson said. Hahn, a political science professor at the University of Southern California, compared the handicapped protests to the civil rights protests by the blacks in the 1950s and 1960s against being forced to sit in the back of the bus. "Sparks is the site of a civil rights struggle that began with the Montgomery Boycott," Hahn said. ADAPT protest organizer Stephanie Adams said the Sparks protest has been a little rougher than protests in other cities, citing Furnice's broken knee as one example. "They don't usually handcuff us" when they are arrested, Adams said. Protesters were also pushed and kicked as they tried to enter doors, she said. “Having people serve time for a first offense is not typical," she added. This was the seventh straight year the disabled group had staged a protest at a meeting of the transit group. PHOTO 1 (above) by Joanne Haskin: An African American protester [ET, Ernest Taylor] in a manual wheelchair is bent double on his lap, grimacing, as police officers on each side hold his arms behind his back. PHOTO 2 (right) by Joanne Haskin: A police officer holds a bull horn to his mouth, and a clip board in front of him. Behind him the scene is crowded with several other policemen's heads. All are wearing caps with the Sparks police star logo on the front, and the officer in front has the leaf insignia on the brim. Caption reads: Protest arrests — Sparks police handcuff an unidentified protester (above), one of 49 people arrested Sunday afternoon when members of a handicapped rights group attempted to block the entrances to John Ascuaga's Nugget. The group was protesting the policies of the a public transportation group holding a convention at the Nugget. More than two dozen Sparks police officers, aided by the Nugget's security staff, attempted to maintain order during the demonstration.
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Two different articles included here Wednesday, April 12, 1989 Las Vegas Review Journal p7B [Headline] Handicapped protesters refuse food in Sparks Associated Press: SPARKS — Handicapped demonstrators who have been jailed as a result of their picketing outside a gathering of public transportation officials are now refusing to eat, Washoe County Sheriff Vince Swinney said Tuesday. Swinney said 30 people serving three-day sentences are only drinking water but won't take any meals. About 75 members of a national group calling itself The American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit have been demonstrating outside the Sparks Nugget, where the American Public Transit Association is holding its regional meeting. The protesters contend the transit association is not doing enough to make it easier for people in wheelchairs to gain access to public transportation. Swinney said he realizes the handicapped face a number of barriers, but called the demands the demonstrators are putting on the sheriffs office, on police and on the courts an “inappropriate use of the criminal justice system to educate the public to what is a public problem." He said he doesn't know how much the overtime and extra staffing is going to cost Sparks and the county. Swinney and the jail were to have been the target of a Tuesday news conference called by protest organizer Mike Auberger of Denver, who earlier said the jailed demonstrators had not received proper medical treatment. But Auberger said most of the problems at the jail were worked out in a two-hour conference with officials. Swinney said the jail has brought in an extra doctor with expertise in helping handicapped patients and has called for additional nurses who can work with the handicapped. Meanwhile, Swinney said the inmates' hunger strike is causing him concern over one of the prisoners, a woman with a history of seizures brought on by a chemical imbalance when she doesn't eat. The sheriff said most of the protesters are serving their three days in regular cells or the infirmary because the jail has only two cells for the handicapped. Forty-nine people were arrested Sunday and while most were not fined or jailed, they were told not to get arrested again. Those who were among the 25 arrested on Monday received sentences and fines of $265 to $315 in exchange for their guilty pleas. end of article 1 Reno Gazette-Journal Thursday, April 13, 1989 [Headline] Most handicapped protesters decide to remain in jail By Susan Voyles/Gazette-Journal Sparks Municipal Judge Don Gladstone late Wednesday offered to release 30 jailed handicapped protesters if they pay $100 of their fins and promise to pay the rest later. Two accepted the offer, but Mike Auberger, leader of the American Disabled for Accessible Public Transit (ADAPT), said he doubts many other members of his group will. The prisoners are entering their third day of a hunger strike in the Washoe County jail today in protest of sentences by Gladstone they claim are too harsh. The 30 protesters were arrested in demonstrations held on Sunday and Monday against the American Public Transit Association, which ended its western regional meeting at John Ascuaga‘s Nugget on Wednesday. ADAPT is picketing the transit group because many of its members operate public bus systems that do not have lifts for wheelchairs. Of the 30, 27 pleaded guilty or no contest to charges of obstructing sidewalks and fire entrances. Most of them were sentenced to three days in jail, which would end today or tomorrow, and given $580 in fines. Gladstone said he will allow them to pay $100 in fines each if they promise to pay the rest later in installments or do community service work in their home towns. Auberger said his group has only $500 to pay the $3,200 in fines needed to release the group. Those arrested would have to sit in jail for another 23 days in order to pay off their fines, which are reduced at a rate of $25 a day. "But I wouldn't be surprised if they say they'll serve the days rather than give them any money," Auberger said. Auberger and others said Sparks is the only city where the handicapped demonstrators have been jailed for such offenses as obstructing sidewalks. Pat Gilbert, a Reno attorney, was to meet with the 30 protesters Wednesday night to see what they want to do. Gladstone was prepared to hold hearings in the jail to begin releasing them. Two people already have been released for medical reasons after receiving treatment at local hospitals, and one woman, still in jail, is having up to 80 seizures a day, Auberger said. Washoe County Sheriff Vince Swinney declined to comment on the condition of the prisoners Wednesday, saying it only provides more fuel for the media to publicize their plight. However, several officers said the jail now has two doctors and ll nurses on duty, two more than were on Tuesday and nine more than the number of nurses usually assigned to the jail. In an initial court hearing, Gladstone lectured the demonstrators, saying their mass arrests have “tarnished” their cause. “I think you need new leadership" he said. After the hearing Wednesday, Auberger and a band of about 20 demonstrators peacefully protested in front of the Nugget, making a final stand against the transit association. Auberger said most of those who aren't in jail will be leaving town today, although a few will stay to help those in jail. Sparks police say it will take at least a week and half to determine the overtime and other expenses incurred because of the demonstrators. Jerry Peltier, a transit association board member from Richland, Wash., said the protest had no impact on the 500 member group. Parley Johnson, spokesman for the Nugget, said the demonstration cost the Nugget extra money for security guards. He also said business at the Nugget slowed the last few days.